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10% neutral buffered formalin

10%福尔马林溶液,中性缓冲液

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: HT501128
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In vivo Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis Assays Using A549 Lung Cancer Cells
Author:
Date:
2020-04-05
[Abstract]  Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related deaths. The genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models and cell line-based subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse xenografts have been developed to study the metastatic process. By using lung cancer cell line A549 as an example, we present a modified protocol to establish the cell line-based xenograft. Our protocol ensures sufficient establishment of the mouse xenografts and allows us to monitor tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. This protocol could be adapted to other types of established cancer cell lines or primary cancer cells to study the mechanism of metastatic process as well as to test the effect of the potential anti-cancer agents on tumor growth and metastatic capacity. [摘要]  [摘要 ] 中号etastasis应收大多数癌症相关死亡。已经开发了基因工程小鼠(GEM)模型以及基于细胞系的皮下和原位小鼠异种移植物,以研究转移过程。以肺癌细胞系A549为例,我们提出了一种改进的方案来建立基于细胞系的异种移植物。我们的协议可确保小鼠异种移植物的充分建立,并允许我们监测肿瘤的生长和自发转移。该方案可适用于其他类型的已建立癌细胞系或原发性癌细胞,以研究转移过程的机制以及测试潜在抗癌药对肿瘤生长和转移能力的影响。

[背景 ] 的5年生存率速率为患者与晚期阶段肺癌症是少大于15%时,与在大多数的患者死于从转移性疾病(斯特和恩格尔曼,2012 ; 惠特塞特,等人,2013 ; D'安东尼奥等人。,2014 ; Steeg的,2016) 。因此,使用鼠标模型来调查的机制的肺肿瘤侵袭和转移可能促进了发展的新的战略来控制的转移过程。

转移是一个多步骤过程是包括本地侵袭,血管内,并且生存在的循环,外渗,一个d建立macrometastasis 在遥远的站点。小鼠异种移植和基因工程小鼠(GEM)模型均已用于研究肺癌转移。GEM模型模仿了人类肺癌的遗传标记,例如TP53 ,K- ras 和LKB1,为研究转移过程的机制以及研究新型抗癌剂如何影响转移过程提供了免疫系统(Dutt和Wong ,2006年)。 ; Zheng ...

Vascular Permeability Assay in Human Coronary and Mouse Brachiocephalic Arteries
Author:
Date:
2018-10-20
[Abstract]  Coronary artery disease remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Previous work, including ours, has focused on the role of intraplaque hemorrhage, particularly from immature microvessel angiogenesis, as an important contributor to plaque progression via increases in vascular permeability leading to further intraplaque hemorrhage, which increases red cell membrane-derived free cholesterol in plaque content and inflammatory cell recruitment. Evans Blue Dye (EBD) assay is widely used as a standard assay for vasculature permeability. However, the method has not been established in fresh human coronary artery autopsy samples to evaluate intraplaque microvessel permeability and angiogenesis. In this protocol, we describe a method to evaluate human coronary samples for ... [摘要]  冠状动脉疾病仍然是发病率和死亡率的重要原因。以前的研究,包括我们的研究,都集中在斑块内出血的作用,特别是来自未成熟的微血管血管生成,作为斑块进展的重要因素,通过增加血管通透性导致进一步的斑块内出血,增加斑块中红细胞膜来源的游离胆固醇内容和炎症细胞募集。 Evans Blue Dye(EBD)测定法广泛用作脉管系统渗透性的标准测定法。然而,该方法尚未在新鲜人冠状动脉尸检样本中建立,以评估斑块内微血管通透性和血管生成。在该方案中,我们描述了评估人类冠状动脉样本的微血管通透性的方法,包括灌注冠状动脉的程序,用于组织学分析和免疫染色的动脉样本的收集以及使用适当的方法来分析图像。还提供了在小鼠模型中使用FITC-葡聚糖以评估血管通透性的任选程序。这些Evans Blue Dye程序可用于在各种病理条件下提供人样品和动物模型中内皮完整性和渗透性的功能测量。

【背景】
血管内皮细胞主动调节血浆成分和循环细胞(包括白细胞)从血液到亚内皮组织的浸润。这种机制通常被认为是动脉粥样硬化起始和发展的关键步骤(Mundi et al。>,2018)。血管通透性的调节通过内皮细胞 - 细胞连接的协调打开和闭合来实现。在几种疾病状态下,内源性药物如组胺,凝血酶和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)显着但可逆地以不同方式改变细胞 - ...

Adhesion of Enteroaggregative E. coli Strains to HEK293 Cells
Author:
Date:
2018-04-20
[Abstract]  Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a recognized cause of acute diarrhea among both children and adults worldwide. EAEC strains are characterized by the presence of aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAF), which play a key role in pathogenesis by mediating attachment to the intestinal mucosa and by triggering host inflammatory responses. The aggregative adherence fimbria II (AAF/II) is the most important adherence factor of EAEC prototype strain 042 (EAEC042) to intestinal cells. Multiple receptors for AAF/II on epithelial cells have been identified including the transmembrane signaling mucin Muc1. This protocol describes a method to measure adherence of EAEC strains to HEK293 cells expressing the Muc1 glycoprotein. [摘要]  肠道集聚性大肠杆菌(EAEC)是全球儿童和成人急性腹泻的公认原因。 EAEC菌株的特征在于存在聚集粘附菌毛(AAF),其通过介导与肠粘膜的附着和通过引发宿主炎症反应而在发病机制中起关键作用。 聚合粘附菌毛II(AAF / II)是EAEC原型菌株042(EAEC042)对肠细胞最重要的粘附因子。 已经鉴定了上皮细胞上AAF / II的多种受体,包括跨膜信号传导粘蛋白Muc1。 该协议描述了测量EAEC菌株对表达Muc1糖蛋白的HEK293细胞的依从性的方法。

【背景】EAEC是世界范围内地方性和流行性腹泻病的重要原因。尽管发展中国家儿童腹泻最常见,但EAEC还与免疫受损成人腹泻,旅行者和工业化国家的食源性疾病有关,例如由志贺毒素(Stx)2a型产生的大致致命爆发2011年在北欧的血清型O104:H4的EAEC菌株(Harrington等人,2006; Rasko等人,2011)。 EAEC发病机制由生物体粘附肠细胞,产生肠毒素和细胞毒素并最终诱导炎症的能力决定(Harrington等,2006)。 EAEC对肠细胞的依从性由AAF菌毛粘附素介导(Czeczulin等人,1997)。迄今为止,已经描述了至少5种AAF菌毛的变体,全部编码在范围为55至65MDa的毒力质粒中(Jonsson等人,2015)。 ...

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