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Nunc Fritted deep well plates

Nunc烧结深井板

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 278011
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Determination of the Developmental Origin of Seeds Containing Endosperm Using Flow Cytometric Analysis
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2015-06-05
[Abstract]  Seeds derived from a diploid, sexual plant typically contain a 2n embryo (n+n) and 3n endosperm, a ratio characteristic for most flowering plants. However, this ratio is altered in apomictic species, which reproduce asexually through seeds (Koltunow and Grossniklaus, 2003). Apomixis is usually a facultative trait and encompasses several developmental steps: (1) apomeiosis (avoidance of meiosis), (2) parthenogenesis (embryo development without fertilization), and (3) functional endosperm formation (autonomous without fertilization or pseudogamous requiring fertilization). If all three steps occur, this process results in maternal offspring (2n+0), which is genetically identical to the mother plant (clonal). Moreover, sexual and apomictic pathways can occur in the same plant and sometimes ... [摘要]  源自二倍体,有性植物的种子通常含有2n胚胎(n + n)和3n胚乳,这是大多数开花植物的比率特征。然而,这种比例在无性生殖物种中改变,其通过种子无性繁殖(Koltunow和Grossniklaus,2003)。单性生殖通常是兼性性状,包括几个发育步骤:(1)蚜虫病(避免减数分裂),(2)孤雌生殖(没有受精的胚发育)和(3)功能性胚乳形成(无需受精的自主性或需要受精的假性乳房)。如果发生所有三个步骤,该过程导致母体后代(2n + 0),其与母本植物(克隆)在遗传上相同。此外,性和无融合途径可以在同一植物中发生,并且有时它们交叉,产生多倍体倍生(n + 0;由减数分裂和孤雌生殖产生)或BIII杂种(2n + n;由蚜虫和受精产生)(Rutishauser,1947 )。可以在流式细胞计数种子筛选(FCSS)中测定不同类型的后代,其中染色的核的相对染色质含量通过测量它们的荧光强度来确定。这允许将胚乳的倍性与胚胎的倍性进行比较,并且因此推断形成种子的途径(Matzk等人,2000)。这种方法特别用于表征无形生殖植物中的种子或有性生殖的繁殖突变体的发育起源。
这里,我们提出了在十字花科中的FCSS的方案,植物的 Boechera 。然而,原则上,该方案可以应用于产生含有胚乳的种子的任何物种。

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