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Aldrich® rectangular TLC developing tanks, complete

Aldrich ®矩形TLC显影槽,完成

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: Z126195
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Purification of N-coronafacoyl Phytotoxins from Streptomyces scabies
Author:
Date:
2017-04-05
[Abstract]  This procedure is used for large-scale purification of N-coronafacoyl phytotoxins that are produced by the potato common scab pathogen Streptomyces scabies. The procedure employs organic extraction of S. scabies culture supernatants under alternating basic and acidic conditions in order to preferentially isolate the phytotoxin - containing carboxylic acid fraction of the supernatant. Preparative thin layer chromatography and semi-preparative reverse phase - high performance liquid chromatography are then used to further purify the individual N-coronafacoyl phytotoxins of interest. [摘要]  该方法用于大规模纯化由马铃薯常见的痂病原体耻骨链球菌sc疮产生的N, - 海胆酰基植物毒素。 该方法采用有机萃取方法。 在交替的碱性和酸性条件下培养上清液以优先分离含有上清液的含有毒素的羧酸部分。 然后使用制备型薄层色谱法和半制备型反相 - 高效液相色谱法进一步纯化所需的单独的N, - 焦油酰甲酰植物毒素。

马铃薯普通痂病是由革兰氏阳性,丝状,链霉菌属的土壤细菌引起的经济上重要的作物病。第一个描述和最好的特征是痂病引起链霉菌属(Streptomyces spp。)是具有全球分布(Bignell等人,2010)的Streptomyces scabies (syn。 S。scabiei 。目前常见的痂病治理方法包括作物轮作,灌溉和土壤熏蒸;然而,这些策略经常失败,产生不一致的结果或者环境不友好(Dees和Wanner,2012)。为了开发更好的疾病控制策略,我们必须首先了解 S使用的分子机制。 sc疮感染植物并诱发疾病症状。研究表明,S的能力。引起疾病的sc疮是由于在感染过程中产生不同作用的毒力因子。在由s生产的已知或潜在的毒力因子中。 sc疮是植物毒素的家族,被称为具有类似于植物激素茉莉酸的可能起到抑制作用的 N - 角鲨烯酰植物毒素(也称为COR-样代谢产物)病原体感染期间的植物免疫应答(Bignell等人,2010; ...

Determination of (p)ppGpp Levels During Stringent Response in Streptomyces coelicolor by Thin Layer Chromatography
Author:
Date:
2016-11-05
[Abstract]  The stringent response in bacteria is a stress response that is mediated by the signaling molecules guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate [(p)ppGpp], alarmones that are also directly related to virulence. Therefore, determination of (p)ppGpp levels is crucial for studying the stringent response. The protocol here outlines in a step-wise manner the detection of (p)ppGpp in the bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor during stringent response (Strauch et al., 1991) by thin layer chromatography (TLC). In the example shown here, stringent response is induced by addition of serine hydroxamate, an inhibitor of seryl tRNA synthetase. This protocol was first published in Molecular Microbiology (Sivapragasam and Grove, 2016). [摘要]  细菌中的严格反应是由信号分子鸟苷四磷酸和五磷酸[(p)ppGpp]介导的应激反应,它们也与毒力直接相关。因此,(p)ppGpp水平的确定对于研究严格反应至关重要。这里的方案以分步方式概述在严格反应期间细菌链霉菌(Streptomyces coelicolor)中(p)ppGpp的检测(Strauch等人,1991),通过薄层色谱(TLC)。在本文所示的实施例中,通过添加丝氨酸氧肟酸盐(丝氨酸tRNA合成酶的抑制剂)诱导严格反应。该方案首次发表于Molecular Microbiology(Sivapragasam and Grove,2016)。

[背景] 薄层色谱法用于在严格反应期间分析(p)ppGpp水平在各种细菌菌种中长时间使用,并且它是用于该目的的普遍接受的方法。然而,以前发布的协议仅仅总结了主要概念,并且确定包括该过程的每个步骤的综合协议是具有挑战性的。我们在这里提出已经优化用于研究在严格的反应的详细协议。 coelicolor 。处理 S唯一的步骤。天蓝色文化已经被鉴定,并且因此方案可以容易地适应于其他细菌物种。该方法依赖于使用并入作为强碱性阴离子交换剂的聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)的TLC板。因此,PEI是用于分离离子化合物如磷酸化核苷的选择的基质(Calderón-Flores等人,2005; Mechold等人,2013; Strauch ...

Lipid Extraction from HeLa Cells, Quantification of Lipids, Formation of Large Unilamellar Vesicles (LUVs) by Extrusion and in vitro Protein-lipid Binding Assays, Analysis of the Incubation Product by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and by Flotation across a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient
Author:
Date:
2016-10-20
[Abstract]  Dissecting the interactions established between proteins and membranes in a given type of cells is not an easy task. Using a cell-free system of large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) to analyze these interactions may help decipher these interactions and identify potential membrane deformations induced by the proteins incubated with these LUVs. This article describes the protocols for 1) extraction of total lipids from eukaryotic cells using the method developed by Bligh and Dyer (1959), 2) the quantification of glycerophospholipids by gas chromatography after methanolysis, followed by 3) the formation of LUVs by extrusion, 4) protein-lipid binding assay, 5) analysis of the incubation product by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by flotation across a discontinuous sucrose gradient and ... [摘要]  解剖在给定类型的细胞中蛋白质和膜之间建立的相互作用不是一个容易的任务。使用大单层囊泡(LUV)的无细胞系统来分析这些相互作用可以帮助破译这些相互作用和识别由与这些LUV孵育的蛋白质诱导的潜在的膜变形。本文介绍了1)使用由Bligh和Dyer(1959)开发的方法从真核细胞中提取总脂质,2)在甲醇分解后通过气相色谱法定量甘油磷脂,然后3)通过挤出形成LUV的方案, 4)蛋白质 - 脂质结合测定,5)通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)和通过不连续蔗糖梯度浮选分析孵育产物,最后,6)通过免疫印迹分析蛋白质并通过碘素熏蒸显示甘油磷脂。

[背景] 包含巨单层囊泡(GUV;由单个磷脂双层组成,直径大于1μm)或脂质体孵育的无细胞系统与重组蛋白可能有助于了解这些相互作用。根据它们的直径和层数,脂质体被分为小的单层囊泡(SUV;由单个磷脂双层构成的囊泡,直径在20和100nm之间),大的单层囊泡(LUV;由单个双层磷脂,并且直径在100和400nm之间),大多层囊泡(MLV;由多个磷脂双层构成且直径在200nm和3μm之间的囊泡)和多泡囊泡(MVV);由囊泡组成的大囊泡单个双层磷脂,并含有几个较小的囊泡,每个囊泡由单个双层磷脂组成)。 ...

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