| Assessing Experience-dependent Tuning of Song Preference in Fruit Flies (Drosophila melanogaster)
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Author:
Date:
2018-07-20
[Abstract] In songbirds and higher mammals, early auditory experience during childhood is critical to detect and discriminate sound patterns in adulthood. However, the neural and molecular nature of this acquired ability remains elusive. Here, we describe a new behavioral paradigm with Drosophila melanogaster to investigate how the auditory experience shapes sound perception. This behavioral paradigm consists of two parts: training session and test session. In the training session, we keep the flies singly in a training capsule and expose them to training sound for 6 days after eclosion. After the training session, flies are subjected to the test session, in which the mating behaviors of flies are monitored upon sound playback. As the training and test sounds, we use two types of artificial ...
[摘要] 在鸣禽和高等哺乳动物中，童年时期的早期听觉经验对于检测和区分成年期的声音模式至关重要。然而，这种获得能力的神经和分子性质仍然是难以捉摸的。在这里，我们描述了一种新的行为范式，用 Drosophila melanogaster 来研究听觉体验如何塑造声音感知。这种行为范式包括两部分：训练课程和测试课程。在训练期间，我们将苍蝇单独留在训练舱中，并在羽化后将其暴露于训练声6天。在训练期之后，果蝇经受测试期，其中在声音回放时监测果蝇的交配行为。当训练和测试声音时，我们使用两种类型的人造声音，它们对应于果蝇的同种和异种求爱歌曲的模式。通过应用这种方法，我们可以测量作为年轻成年人的同声歌曲的声学体验如何使歌曲偏好和配偶选择成为果蝇的繁殖成人。
【背景】为了成功交配，动物通过检测和优选物种特异性感觉信号来主动评估候选伴侣的交配。在高等动物中，出生后获得的先天本能和社会经验有助于交配偏好。事实上，在鸟类，鱼类，绵羊和山羊等物种中，先天偏好占主导地位，而后来与父母或兄弟姐妹的社交互动会微调表型歧视和交配偏好（Owens et al。，1999 ; Ten Cate和Vos，1999; Kozak et al。，2011）。
果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster ...
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| Preparation and Immunofluorescence Staining of the Trachea in Drosophila Larvae and Pupae
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Author:
Date:
2016-05-05
[Abstract] The Drosophila melanogaster trachea is a branched network of rigid chitin-lined tubes that ramify throughout the body and functions as the fly’s respiratory organ. Small openings at the ends of the tracheal tubes allow gas exchange to occur by diffusion between internal tissues and the exterior environment. Tracheal tubes are lined by a single layer of epithelial cells, which secrete chitin and control tube morphology and size. Studies of tracheal development in Drosophila embryos have elucidated fundamental mechanisms of tube morphogenesis and maintenance in vivo, and identified major signaling pathways that regulate these processes (Manning and Krasnow, 1993; Affolter and Shilo, 2000; Zuo et al., 2013; Kerman et al., ...
[摘要] melanogaster 气管是一种由几丁质内衬的管组成的分支网络，分布在整个身体并作为苍蝇的呼吸器官。气管管端部的小开口允许通过内部组织和外部环境之间的扩散而发生气体交换。气管管由单层上皮细胞衬里，其分泌几丁质和对照管形态和尺寸。在Drosop hila 胚胎中的气管发育的研究阐明了管形态发生和维持体内的基本机制，并且鉴定了调节这些过程的主要信号传导途径（Manning和Krasnow，1993; Affolter和Shilo，2000; Zuo等人，2013; Kerman等人，2006; Schottenfeld等人， em，2010）。近年来，在变态过程中对气管的兴趣日益增长，当在幼虫中用作呼吸器官的气管分支被修复或被由致动的气管祖细胞产生的新的气管组织或成熟的气管细胞（Manning和Krasnow，1993; Sato和Kornberg，2002; Guha等人，2008; Guha和Kornberg，2005; Weaver和Krasnow，2008; Pitsouli和Perrimon， 2010; Chen和Krasnow，2014）在过程结束时形成成人气管。正在进行的衰变和组织形成模拟其他生物体中组织修复和再生的方面，并且已经用于理解祖细胞如何分裂和分化（Pitsouli和Perrimon，2010; ...
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