| Generation of Luciferase-expressing Tumor Cell Lines
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Author:
Date:
2018-04-20
[Abstract] Murine tumor models have been critical to advances in our knowledge of tumor physiology and for the development of effective tumor therapies. Essential to these studies is the ability to both track tumor development and quantify tumor burden in vivo. For this purpose, the introduction of genes that confer tumors with bioluminescent properties has been a critical advance for oncologic studies in rodents. Methods of introducing bioluminescent genes, such as firefly luciferase, by viral transduction has allowed for the production of tumor cell lines that can be followed in vivo longitudinally over long periods of time. Here we describe methods for the production of stable luciferase expressing tumor cell lines by lentiviral transduction.
[摘要] 鼠肿瘤模型对于我们对肿瘤生理学知识和有效肿瘤治疗方法发展的进展至关重要。 这些研究的关键是能够跟踪肿瘤发展并量化体内肿瘤负荷。 为此，引入赋予肿瘤生物发光特性的基因已经成为啮齿动物肿瘤研究的重要进展。 通过病毒转导引入生物发光基因（例如萤火虫萤光素酶）的方法已经允许产生可以在体内纵向长时间地进行的肿瘤细胞系。 在这里我们描述了通过慢病毒转导产生稳定表达荧光素酶的肿瘤细胞系的方法。
【背景】体内跟踪细胞最重要的是能够通过微创方法从外部检测它们。使用来自萤火虫的荧光素酶（Photinus pyralis ）的酶促生物发光是用于体内基于图像的细胞追踪的广泛使用的方法。生物发光已被用于各种体内应用，包括报告基因表达的无创成像（Herschman，2004），研究昼夜节律（Southern and Millar，2005），成像脑卒中（Vandeputte
萤火虫荧光素酶氧化物萤光素在分子氧，镁和三磷酸腺苷存在下在560nm产生黄绿色光（Wilson和Hastings，1998; ...
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| Notch Ligand Binding Assay Using Flow Cytometry
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Author:
Date:
2017-12-05
[Abstract] Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that plays an indispensable role during development, and in the maintenance of homeostatic processes, in a wide variety of tissues (Kopan, 2012; Hori et al., 2013). The multifaceted roles of Notch signaling are stringently regulated at different levels. One of the most important aspects of regulation is the binding of different Notch ligands to each Notch receptor (NOTCH1-NOTCH4). Canonical ligands Delta or Serrate (in Drosophila), and Delta-like (DLL1 and DLL4) or Jagged (JAG1 and JAG2) (in mammals), are transmembrane glycoproteins. Ligands expressed on one cell bind to Notch receptors on an adjacent cell to induce Notch signaling. Glycosylation of Notch receptor extracellular domain by O-fucose and ...
[摘要] Notch信号传导是进化上保守的信号传导途径，在发育过程中以及在各种组织中维持体内平衡过程中起着不可或缺的作用（Kopan，2012; Hori等人，2013）。 Notch信号的多方面作用在不同的层面上受到严格的调控。监管的最重要的方面之一是不同Notch配体与各Notch受体（NOTCH1-NOTCH4）的结合。典型的配体Delta或Serrate（在果蝇中）和Delta样（DLL1和DLL4）或Jagged（JAG1和JAG2）（在哺乳动物中）是跨膜糖蛋白。在一个细胞上表达的配体结合相邻细胞上的Notch受体以诱导Notch信号传导。通过O-岩藻糖和O-GlcNAc聚糖对Notch受体细胞外结构域的糖基化作为Notch信号强度的关键调节剂已经得到很好的确立（Stanley and Okajima，2010; Haltom and Jafar-Nejad，2015; Sawaguchi et al。 >，2017）。为了表征Notch配体与分离细胞中的Notch受体的结合，我们利用人Fc区在C端标记的Notch配体胞外结构域，并通过流式细胞术确定荧光抗Fc抗体的结合。
【背景】众所周知，细胞增殖，分化和凋亡受Notch信号调节。 ...
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| Preparation and Immunofluorescence Staining of the Trachea in Drosophila Larvae and Pupae
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Author:
Date:
2016-05-05
[Abstract] The Drosophila melanogaster trachea is a branched network of rigid chitin-lined tubes that ramify throughout the body and functions as the fly’s respiratory organ. Small openings at the ends of the tracheal tubes allow gas exchange to occur by diffusion between internal tissues and the exterior environment. Tracheal tubes are lined by a single layer of epithelial cells, which secrete chitin and control tube morphology and size. Studies of tracheal development in Drosophila embryos have elucidated fundamental mechanisms of tube morphogenesis and maintenance in vivo, and identified major signaling pathways that regulate these processes (Manning and Krasnow, 1993; Affolter and Shilo, 2000; Zuo et al., 2013; Kerman et al., ...
[摘要] melanogaster 气管是一种由几丁质内衬的管组成的分支网络，分布在整个身体并作为苍蝇的呼吸器官。气管管端部的小开口允许通过内部组织和外部环境之间的扩散而发生气体交换。气管管由单层上皮细胞衬里，其分泌几丁质和对照管形态和尺寸。在Drosop hila 胚胎中的气管发育的研究阐明了管形态发生和维持体内的基本机制，并且鉴定了调节这些过程的主要信号传导途径（Manning和Krasnow，1993; Affolter和Shilo，2000; Zuo等人，2013; Kerman等人，2006; Schottenfeld等人， em，2010）。近年来，在变态过程中对气管的兴趣日益增长，当在幼虫中用作呼吸器官的气管分支被修复或被由致动的气管祖细胞产生的新的气管组织或成熟的气管细胞（Manning和Krasnow，1993; Sato和Kornberg，2002; Guha等人，2008; Guha和Kornberg，2005; Weaver和Krasnow，2008; Pitsouli和Perrimon， 2010; Chen和Krasnow，2014）在过程结束时形成成人气管。正在进行的衰变和组织形成模拟其他生物体中组织修复和再生的方面，并且已经用于理解祖细胞如何分裂和分化（Pitsouli和Perrimon，2010; ...
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