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Author:
Date:
2016-01-05
[Abstract] Second generation biofuels are derived from inedible lignocellulosic biomass of food and non-food crops. Lignocellulosic biomass is mainly composed of cell walls that contain a large proportion of cellulosic and hemicellulosic polysaccharides. An interesting route to generate biofuels and bio-based materials is via enzymatic hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides into fermentable sugars, a process called saccharification. The released sugars can then be fermented to fuels, e.g., by use of yeast.
To test the saccharification efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass on a lab-scale, a manual saccharification protocol was established that uses only small amounts of biomass and a low concentration of enzyme. This protocol can be used for different plant species like Arabidopsis ...
[摘要] 第二代生物燃料衍生自食物和非食物作物的不可食用的木质纤维素生物质。木质纤维素生物质主要由含有大比例的纤维素和半纤维素多糖的细胞壁组成。生成生物燃料和生物基材料的有趣途径是通过将细胞壁多糖酶水解成可发酵的糖，这一过程称为糖化。释放的糖然后可以例如通过使用酵母发酵成燃料。
为了在实验室规模上测试木质纤维素生物质的糖化效率，建立了仅使用少量生物质和低浓度酶的手动糖化方案。该方案可以用于不同的植物物种，例如拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana），烟草，玉米和杨树。低的酶浓度使得可以检测糖化产量的微妙改进并分析水解的速度。虽然包括特定的酸和碱预处理，但是糖化步骤可以在任何其它预处理之后。由于不需要先进的设备，该方案可以在许多实验室进行以分析糖化产量。该方案最初在Van Acker等人（2013）中描述。
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