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Peristaltic Pump P-1

蠕动泵P-1

Company: Cytiva
Catalog#: 18111091
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A Robust, One-step FRET Assay for Human Heparanase
Author:
Date:
2019-09-05
[Abstract]  Heparanase, an endo-β-D-glucuronidase, cleaves cell surface and extracellular matrix heparan sulfate (HS) chains at distinct sites and plays important biological roles including modulation of cell growth and metastasis. Although a number of different types of heparanase assays have been reported to date, most are labor intensive, complex and/or expensive to carry out. We reasoned that a simpler heparanase assay could be developed using heparin labeled with Dabcyl and EDANS as donor and acceptor fluorophores so as to generate a FRET signal. Our results show that a more robust heparanase assay could be developed based on the principle studied herein and more homogeneous preparation of heparin. Yet, the assay in its current form could be used for routine screening of potential ... [摘要]  乙酰肝素酶(heparanase,endo-d>glucuronidase)在细胞表面和细胞外基质硫酸乙酰丙酯(heparan sulfate,hs)链上的不同位置进行切割,在调节细胞生长和转移等方面发挥重要的生物学作用。尽管到目前为止已经报告了许多不同类型的乙酰肝素酶分析,但现在是实验室密集型、复杂和/或昂贵的。我们认为,以dabcyl和edans标记的肝素作为供体和受体荧光团,可以建立一种更简单的肝素酶检测方法,从而产生fret信号。我们的结果表明,基于本文所研究的原理和更均匀的肝素制备方法,可以开发出更稳定的肝素酶检测方法。然而,目前形式的检测可用于高通量大陆中潜在抑制剂的常规筛选,也可用于研究乙酰肝素酶在肿瘤和血浆等生物液体中的表达活性。
【背景】人乙酰肝素酶是一种内-β-d>-葡萄糖醛酸酶,它能切割细胞表面和细胞外基质中以蛋白多糖形式存在的硫酸乙酰肝素(hs)链(Fairbanks等人,1999;Kussie等人,1999;Toyoshima和Nakajima,1999;Dempsey等人,2000;Sanderson等人,2017年)。尽管其他序列也可能是乙酰肝素酶的靶向序列(Peterson和Liu,2013),但底物特异性研究表明乙酰肝素酶最好在葡萄糖醛酸(GLCA)和葡萄糖胺-N,6-二硫酸盐(GLCNS6S)残基之间切割1→4-糖苷间键。
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In vitro Generation of CRISPR-Cas9 Complexes with Covalently Bound Repair Templates for Genome Editing in Mammalian Cells
Author:
Date:
2019-01-05
[Abstract]  The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genome-editing tool that promises application for gene editing therapies. The Cas9 nuclease is directed to the DNA by a programmable single guide (sg)RNA, and introduces a site-specific double-stranded break (DSB). In mammalian cells, DSBs are either repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), generating small insertion/deletion (indel) mutations, or by homology-directed repair (HDR). If ectopic donor templates are provided, the latter mechanism allows editing with single-nucleotide precision. The preference of mammalian cells to repair DSBs by NHEJ rather than HDR, however, limits the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 for applications where precise editing is needed. To enhance the efficiency of DSB repair by HDR from donor templates, we recently engineered ... [摘要]  CRISPR-Cas9系统是一种强大的基因组编辑工具,可用于基因编辑疗法。 Cas9核酸酶通过可编程单指导(sg)RNA导向DNA,并引入位点特异性双链断裂(DSB)。在哺乳动物细胞中,DSB通过非同源末端连接(NHEJ)修复,产生小的插入/缺失(indel)突变,或通过同源定向修复(HDR)。如果提供异位供体模板,则后一种机制允许以单核苷酸精确度进行编辑。然而,NHEJ而不是HDR对哺乳动物细胞修复DSB的偏好限制了CRISPR-Cas9在需要精确编辑的应用中的潜力。为了提高HDR从供体模板修复DSB的效率,我们最近设计了CRISPR-Cas9系统,其中模板DNA与Cas9酶结合。简而言之,单链寡核苷酸用O6-苄基鸟嘌呤(BG)标记,并与Cas9-SNAP-标签融合蛋白共价连接,形成核糖核蛋白-DNA(RNPD)复合物,由Cas9核酸酶,sgRNA和修复模板。在这里,我们提供了一个详细的协议如何生成O6-苄基鸟嘌呤(BG) - 连接的DNA修复模板,生产重组Cas9-SNAP-标签融合蛋白,体外转录单指导RNA,并转染RNPDs各种哺乳动物细胞。
【背景】CRISPR-Cas9系统有效地诱导定点DSB,其由细胞自主机制修复。由于哺乳动物细胞主要通过NHEJ修复DSB,因此CRISPR-Cas9系统主要在靶向基因座处引起indel突变。然而,对于许多应用,需要通过来自模板DNA的HDR进行精确修复。因此,已经进行了多次尝试以提高精确DSB修复的效率,包括修复途径的生化改变(Chu ...

Heterologous Expression and Purification of the CRISPR-Cas12a/Cpf1 Protein
Author:
Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract]  This protocol provides step by step instructions (Figure 1) for heterologous expression of Francisella novicida Cas12a (previously known as Cpf1) in Escherichia coli. It additionally includes a protocol for high-purity purification and briefly describes how activity assays can be performed. These protocols can also be used for purification of other Cas12a homologs and the purified proteins can be used for subsequent genome editing experiments.


Figure 1. Timeline of activities for the heterologous expression and purification of Francisella novicida Cas12a (FnCas12a) from Escherichia coli
[摘要]  该协议提供了分步说明(图1),用于在大肠杆菌中异源表达新西兰弗朗西斯菌弗朗西丝菌Cas12a(以前称为Cpf1)。 它还包括一个高纯度纯化方案,并简要介绍如何进行活性测定。 这些方案也可以用于其他Cas12a同系物的纯化,并且纯化的蛋白质可以用于随后的基因组编辑实验。

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图1.从大肠杆菌 异源表达和纯化<弗朗西斯弗朗西丝菌 Cas12a(FnCas12a)的活动时间表

【背景】原核CRISPR-Cas免疫系统通过使用CRISPR RNA(crRNA)作为外源DNA或RNA的序列特异性靶向的指导来提供针对病毒和质粒的保护(van der Oost等人,2014; Marraffini ,2015)。 1类CRISPR-Cas系统(包含I型,III型和IV型)通常形成多亚基蛋白-cRNA效应复合物,而2类系统(包含II型,V型和VI型)依赖于单个crRNA-引导的效应物核酸酶用于目标干扰(Mohanraju et al。 2016年)。

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