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PCR thermal cycler

热循环仪

Company: Eppendorf
Catalog#: Mastercycler®
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Analysis of Replicative Intermediates of Adeno-associated Virus through Hirt Extraction and Southern Blotting
Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract]  Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small single-stranded DNA virus that requires the presence of a helper virus, such as adenovirus or herpes virus, to efficiently replicate its genome. AAV DNA is replicated by a rolling-hairpin mechanism (Ward, 2006), and during replication several DNA intermediates can be detected. This detailed protocol describes how to analyze the AAV DNA intermediates formed during AAV replication using a modified Hirt extract (Hirt, 1967) procedure and Southern blotting (Southern, 1975). [摘要]  腺相关病毒(AAV)是一种小型单链DNA病毒,需要存在辅助病毒,如腺病毒或疱疹病毒,以有效地复制其基因组。 AAV DNA通过滚转发夹机制(Ward,2006)进行复制,并且在复制期间可以检测出几种DNA中间体。该详细方案描述了如何使用改良的Hirt提取物(Hirt,1967)程序和Southern印迹(Southern,1975)分析在AAV复制期间形成的AAV DNA中间体。

背景 AAV DNA复制通过滚动发夹机制在由AAV和辅助病毒如腺病毒或疱疹病毒共感染的细胞中进行(Ward,2006)。 AAV DNA由4.7kb的线性DNA分子和倒置的末端重复(ITR)组成,折叠形成T形发夹结构。 3'末端发夹作为AAV DNA复制的引物。这些发夹结构由AAV Rep蛋白再生,允许进一步复制(Im和Muzyczka,1990)。 AAV DNA的+和 - 链都被包装并且是感染性的(Rose等人,1969)。当分析复制AAV DNA时,可以检测到几种复制中间体(Straus等人,1976)。最丰富的复制中间体是由AAV DNA的一个和一个链形成的线性单体双链体分子,其被认为是将包装在预先形成的衣壳中的后代单链分子的直接前体(Straus ,1976)。二聚体复制中间体也是常见的,AAV复制模型与甚至更大的复制中间体相容。 ...

Measurement of Net High-affinity Urea Uptake in Maize Plants
Author:
Date:
2015-06-05
[Abstract]  Despite its extensive use as a nitrogen fertilizer, the role of urea as a directly accessible nitrogen source for crop plants is still poorly understood. So far, the physiological and molecular aspects of urea acquisition have been investigated only in a few plant species highlighting the importance of a urea transporter in roots, DUR3 (Kojima et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2012; Zanin et al., 2014a). Regarding maize plants, a crop that needs a large amount of urea fertilizer, the capability to take up urea via an inducible and high-affinity transport system has been recently characterized (Zanin et al., 2014a; Zanin et al., 2014b). Here, we described a small-scale protocol suitable for the measurement of urea net high-affinity uptake in roots of ... [摘要]  尽管其作为氮肥的广泛使用,但是作为直接可及的作物植物氮源的脲的作用仍然知之甚少。 迄今为止,仅在少数植物物种中研究了尿素获取的生理学和分子学方面,突出了根中的尿素转运蛋白DUR3的重要性(Kojima等人,2007; et al。,2012; Zanin et al。,2014a)。 关于玉米植物,需要大量尿素肥料的作物,通过诱导型和高亲和力转运系统摄取尿素的能力最近已被表征(Zanin等人,2014a; Zanin et al。,2014b)。 在这里,我们描述了一个小规模的协议,适合测量尿素净高亲和力摄取完好的玉米植物的根。

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