| Determination of the in vitro Sporulation Frequency of Clostridium difficile
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Author:
Date:
2017-02-05
[Abstract] The anaerobic, gastrointestinal pathogen, Clostridium difficile, persists within the environment and spreads from host-to-host via its infectious form, the spore. To effectively study spore formation, the physical differentiation of vegetative cells from spores is required to determine the proportion of spores within a population of C. difficile. This protocol describes a method to accurately enumerate both viable vegetative cells and spores separately and subsequently calculate a sporulation frequency of a mixed C. difficile population from various in vitro growth conditions (Edwards et al., 2016b).
[摘要] 厌氧，胃肠道病原体，艰难梭菌在环境中持续存在，并通过其感染形式，孢子从宿主到宿主传播。为了有效地研究孢子形成，需要从孢子中进行营养细胞的物理分化以确定在C群体内孢子的比例。艰难的。该方案描述了分别精确地枚举活的营养细胞和孢子的方法，并随后计算混合的孢子形成频率。来自各种体外生长条件（Edwards等人，2016b）的难治性群体。
背景 孢子形成是一个复杂的发育过程，导致代谢休眠孢子的形成。 C的物理性质。艰难的孢子形式提供了许多环境胁迫和消毒剂的内在抵抗，允许其在宿主之外的长期生存（参见：Paredes-Sabja等人，2014年）。区分营养细胞和C孢子。已经开发了利用孢子的物理和抗性属性的各种技术，包括短时间暴露于湿热或乙醇（Burns等人，2010; Lawley＆amp; et al。，2010; Edwards等人，2014）。然而，根据C的应变，这些技术可能不经意地对孢子造成长期损害。难以测试，导致恢复率不准确。在这里，我们描述了使用比以前描述的较低浓度的乙醇（40％以下的乙醇）的优化方法以消除异质C中的所有营养细胞。艰难梭菌群体，而不降低孢子的生存力。该技术为量化C提供了高度可重现性和较不可变的结果。难产孢子孢子形成。
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| Enterovirus 71 Virus Propagation and Purification
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Author:
Date:
2014-05-05
[Abstract] Since its discovery in 1969, enterovirus 71 (EV71) has emerged as a serious worldwide health threat. This member of the picornavirus family causes hand, foot, and mouth disease, and also has the capacity to invade the central nervous system to cause severe disease and death. This is the propagation and purification procedure to produce infectious virion.
[摘要] 自从1969年发现以来，肠道病毒71（EV71）已经成为严重的全球健康威胁。 小核糖核酸病毒家族的这个成员引起手足口病，并且还具有侵入中枢神经系统以引起严重疾病和死亡的能力。 这是产生感染性病毒粒子的繁殖和纯化过程
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