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Penicillin/Streptomycin

青霉素 - 链霉素混合溶液,灭菌试验,支原体,内毒素测试

Company: NACALAI TESQUE
Catalog#: 26253-84
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Fluidigm Based Single-cell Gene Expression Library Preparation from Patient-derived Small Intestinal Organoids
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Date:
2020-10-05
[Abstract]  In this protocol, we describe our methods to isolate crypts from patients' biopsy samples and to culture human intestinal stem cells as it’s called “organoid.” Beyond that, we describe how to dissociate organoids cells into single cells for single-cell analysis as a further application. This protocol should provide investigators sufficient tools to generate human organoids from biopsy samples and to accomplish a stable in-vitro assay system. [摘要]  [摘要]在此协议中,我们描述了从患者的活检样本中分离隐窝并培养人类肠干细胞(称为“类器官”)的方法。除此之外,我们还介绍了如何将类器官细胞分解为单细胞以进行单细胞分析,作为进一步的应用。该方案应为研究人员提供足够的工具,以从活检样品中产生人类器官并完成稳定的体外测定系统。

[背景]肠上皮是一个多功能组织即编排动态平衡并形成物理屏障。由肠干细胞(ISC)产生的每个肠上皮细胞(IEC)每4-5天更新一次该上皮(Crosnier等,2006 )。ISC位于隐窝的底部,并表达各种文献先前报道的特定标记(Muñoz等,2012 ;Clevers ,2013 )。研究表明,干细胞正确更新的功能障碍与肠道疾病有关,对ISCs动态的了解可能阐明了包括炎症性肠病(IBD)在内的各种疾病的发病机制(Okamoto et al。,2016 )。

然而,由于缺乏能概括生理性肠上皮层的有效模型,因此对肠干细胞特性的研究具有挑战性。史诗般的“类器官”的引入克服了种种障碍(Sato等人,2009和2011 ),可以从单个ISC体外建立类器官,并忠实地保留其起源组织的生理和病理特征(Middendorp等人)。 。,2014 )。类器官已被用于各种胃肠道疾病解剖基础病理变化(Fatehullah 。等人,2016; Noben等人,2017 ...

Mechanical Tissue Compression and Whole-mount Imaging at Single Cell Resolution for Developing Murine Epididymal Tubules
Author:
Date:
2020-08-05
[Abstract]  Cells inside the body are subjected to various mechanical stress, such as stretch or compression provided by surrounding cells, shear stresses by blood or lymph flows, and normal stresses by luminal liquids. Force loading to the biological tissues is a fundamental method to better understand cellular responses to such mechanical stimuli. There have been many studies on compression or stretch experiments that target culture cells attached to a flexible extensible material including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS); however, the know-how of those targeting to tissues is still incomplete. Here we present the protocol for mechanical tissue compression and image-based analysis by focusing on developing murine epididymis as an example. We show a series of steps including tissue dissection from ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] 细胞我n侧主体经受各种机械应力,例如通过管腔液体拉伸或通过血液或淋巴周围细胞的剪切应力提供的压缩流,并且正常的应力。力加载到生物组织上是一种基本方法,可以更好地了解细胞对此类机械刺激的反应。关于压缩或拉伸实验,已有许多研究针对以附着于包括聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)在内的柔性可扩展材料的培养细胞为目标的研究。然而,知道的-如何与靶向组织仍然是不完整的。 在这里,我们以开发小鼠附睾为例,介绍用于机械组织压缩和基于图像的分析的协议。我们显示了一系列步骤,包括从鼠胚胎中解剖组织,使用手动设备进行基于水凝胶的压缩方法以及无损容积组织成像。该协议对于定量和探索组织水平的生物机械反应系统很有用。

[背景 ] 细胞可以对机械刺激作出反应通过细胞内的生物化学信号传导途径。已知这种细胞机械反应在诸如胚胎发育,再生,组织稳态和癌症转移的各种生物过程中起着基本作用(Mammoto 等,2013; Humphrey 等,2014; Vining和Mooney,2017)。最近有关向细胞外部施加力的实验表明细胞如何对给定的机械刺激作出反应。例如,已显示出拉伸或压缩附着在诸如聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)之类的柔性有机硅基材上的细胞单层会触发机械敏感离子通道蛋白Piezo1,从而引起各种细胞行为,例如细胞分裂和挤压,从而导致体内稳态的细胞数量增加。组织(Eisenhoffer ...

Targeted Nucleotide Substitution in Mammalian Cell by Target-AID
Author:
Date:
2017-06-05
[Abstract]  Programmable RNA-guided nucleases based on CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated protein) systems have been applied to various type of cells as powerful genome editing tools. By using activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in place of the nuclease activity of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we have developed a genome editing tool for targeted nucleotide substitution (C to T or G to A) without donor DNA template (Figure 1; Nishida et al., 2016). Here we describe the detailed method for Target-AID to perform programmable point mutagenesis in the genome of mammalian cells. A specific method for targeting the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell was described here as an ... [摘要]  基于CRISPR的可编程RNA引导核酸酶(集群定期交织的短回文重复)-Cas(CRISPR相关蛋白)系统已被应用于各种类型的细胞作为强大的基因组编辑工具。通过使用激活诱导的胞苷脱氨酶(AID)代替CRISPR / Cas9系统的核酸酶活性,我们开发了一种用于靶向核苷酸替代(C至T或G至A)的基因组编辑工具,无供体DNA模板(图1 ; Nishida等人,2016)。这里我们描述Target-AID在哺乳动物细胞基因组中进行可编程点突变的详细方法。在这里描述了用于靶向中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞中的次黄嘌呤 - 鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶(HPRT)基因的具体方法作为实例,而该方法主要应适用于任何感兴趣的基因广泛的细胞类型。


图1. Target-AID及其可靶向位点的示意图。在指导RNA(gRNA)依赖性方式中,通过接头与nCas9(D10A)融合的PmCDA1在-21周围进行可编程胞苷突变至相对于哺乳动物细胞中非互补链上的PAM序列的-16位。可目标地点是根据以前的工作中观察到的有效的基础替代(> 20%)来确定的。
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