| Quantification of Rae-1 Staining Intensity in Glomeruli
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Author:
Date:
2016-03-05
[Abstract] NKG2D is expressed on all NK cells and on subsets of NKT, CD8, CD4 and γδ T cells. NKG2D is activated by NKG2D ligands, a stress-induced family of MHC-I-like proteins. These ligands are upregulated on stressed/infected cells and are not widely expressed on healthy adult tissue. NKG2D ligands have been widely studied as potential targets for immunotherapeutic approaches in cancer and auto-immune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Here we describe a method for quantifying the expression levels of the Rae-1 NKG2D ligand in the glomeruli of healthy and diseased individuals via a novel algorithm. The MRL mouse was used as a positive control strain as it spontaneously generates a lupus-like phenotype, one of the main effects of which is severe glomerulonephritis. MRL/MpJ mice ...
[摘要] NKG2D在所有NK细胞上和在NKT，CD8，CD4和γδT细胞的子集上表达。 NKG2D被NKG2D配体激活，NKG2D配体是应激诱导的MHC-I样蛋白家族。这些配体在应激/感染的细胞上上调，并且不在健康成人组织上广泛表达。 NKG2D配体已被广泛研究作为在癌症和自身免疫疾病如系统性红斑狼疮中的免疫治疗方法的潜在靶标。在这里我们介绍一种方法通过一个新的算法，量化健康和患病个体的肾小球Rae-1 NKG2D配体的表达水平。 MRL小鼠用作阳性对照菌株，因为其自发产生狼疮样表型，其中一个主要影响是严重的肾小球肾炎。 MRL/MpJ小鼠在约12个月龄时自发产生该表型，而具有相同遗传背景但在Fas等位基因中产生自发纯合突变的MRL/MpJlpr小鼠发展类似但更严重的症状〜3 -4个月龄（Spada等人，2015）。
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| X-gal Staining on Adult Mouse Brain Sections
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Author:
Date:
2014-03-05
[Abstract] Knowing expression patterns of given proteins is very important to understand their functions. Immunostaining analysis with specific antibodies is commonly used to identify cells or tissues expressing proteins of interest. Although this technique is regularly used, it requires high quality of specific antibodies and there is no good quality of antibody available for certain proteins. Alternatively, X-gal staining is also used to analyze protein expression pattern. It is simple and routinely used to detect expression pattern of any proteins of interest in vivo. In this method, genetically modified animals that express beta-galactosidase under the control of certain regulatory elements will be used to reveal the expression pattern of proteins that use the same regulatory elements.
[摘要] 了解给定蛋白质的表达模式对于了解其功能非常重要。 特异性抗体的免疫染色分析通常用于鉴定表达目的蛋白质的细胞或组织。 虽然这种技术是经常使用的，但它需要高质量的特异性抗体，并且对某些蛋白质没有可用的抗体质量很好。 或者，X-gal染色也用于分析蛋白质表达模式。 简单且常规地用于检测任何目标蛋白在体内的表达模式。 在这种方法中，在某些调节元件控制下表达β-半乳糖苷酶的转基因动物将用于揭示使用相同调控元件的蛋白质的表达模式。
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