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16% Paraformaldehyde (formaldehyde) aqueous solution

16%多聚甲醛(甲醛)水溶液

Company: Electron Microscopy Sciences
Catalog#: 15700
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DQ-Red BSA Trafficking Assay in Cultured Cells to Assess Cargo Delivery to Lysosomes
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Date:
2017-10-05
[Abstract]  Lysosomes are the terminal end of the endocytic pathway having acidic environment required for active hydrolases that degrade the cargo delivered to these compartments. This process of cargo delivery and degradation by endo-lysosomes is a tightly regulated process and important for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Cargos like EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor), Dil-LDL (3,3’-Dioctadecylindocarbocyanine-Low Density Lipoprotein), Dextran, DQ-BSA (Dye Quenched-Bovine Serum Albumin) etc., are routinely used by researchers to analyze the role of various proteins in endocytic pathway. Trafficking of DQ-BSA in cells depleted of or over-expressing the gene of interest is a useful assay for identifying the role of various proteins in endocytic trafficking pathway. The protocol describes the ... [摘要]  溶酶体是具有降解递送到这些隔室的货物的活性水解酶所需的酸性环境的内吞途径的末端。 这种内溶溶酶体的货物递送和降解过程是一个严格调节的过程,对于维持细胞体内平衡是重要的。 Cargos如EGF(表皮生长因子),Dil-LDL(3,3'-二十八碳基碳代花青 - 低密度脂蛋白),葡聚糖,DQ-BSA(染料淬灭 - 牛血清白蛋白)等常规 由研究人员用来分析各种蛋白质在内吞途径中的作用。 在缺乏或过表达感兴趣的基因的细胞中的DQ-BSA的贩运是用于鉴定各种蛋白质在内吞运输途径中的作用的有用测定。 该方案描述了可用于研究各种细胞类型的吞噬运输的DQ-Red BSA运输测定。
【背景】细胞不断地与其细胞外环境交换物质,并且在这个过程中,它们将货物内部化在质膜的囊泡中。这种内部货物被运送到早期的内体,从那里它可以通过再循环内体回到质膜或进入规范的内吞途径。一旦被注定要退化,货物就会移动到后期的内体,并最终与溶酶体融合,其中活性水解酶消化货物(Jovic等人,2010)。这些内吞室具有其内腔的特征pH。早期内体体内的pH值范围为5.9-6.8,晚期内体的pH范围为4.9-6.0,溶酶体最为酸性,pH范围为4.5-5.0(Maxfield和Yamashiro,1987)。溶酶体的酸性环境对于存在于其管腔中的水解酶和货物降解的活性是必需的(Garg等人,2011; ...

3D Stroma Invasion Assay
Author:
Date:
2017-03-20
[Abstract]  We have developed a 3D co-culture system composed of fibroblasts and colorectal cancer cells that enables us to study the desmoplastic reaction. This method also enables us to study the influence of the desmoplastic reaction on the migration of colorectal cancer cells through the surrounding stroma. This protocol has been previously published (Coulson-Thomas et al., 2011) and is described here in more detail. [摘要]  我们开发了一种由成纤维细胞和结肠直肠癌细胞组成的3D共培养系统,使我们能够研究脱发反应。这种方法还使我们能够研究脱发反应对结肠直肠癌细胞通过周围基质的迁移的影响。以前已经公布了该协议(Coulson-Thomas等人,2011),并且在此更详细地描述。

背景 癌症的进展依赖于癌细胞和周围细胞如成纤维细胞,炎性细胞和内皮细胞之间的复杂的串扰,其形成癌症微环境。成纤维细胞是主要的细胞外基质产生细胞并且负责组织的结构形成。肿瘤周围的成纤维细胞被癌细胞“激活”成肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(TAFs),并在肿瘤发生和转移中发挥关键作用。在一些癌症中,TAF上调细胞外基质表达,产生一种主要由胶原纤维和蛋白多糖组成的无组织基质,其影响癌细胞增殖,迁移和扩散。这被称为脱发反应,并且在癌细胞生长期间,不同的肿瘤可能表现出各种等级的发育不良。

Analysis of Cancer Stromal Reaction Using an O-ring Co-culture Assay
Author:
Date:
2017-02-20
[Abstract]  We have developed a 2D heterotypic co-culture technique between fibroblasts and cancer cells that enables the study of the stromal reaction. For such, stromal cells are seeded and cultured immediately around a tumour cell line, and the cells establish cell-cell contacts, as well as a gradient of soluble factors throughout the stromal cells, similar to that found in tissues. Thus, this system also enables the researcher to distinguish between events that are caused by direct cell-cell contact and secreted factors. [摘要]  我们在成纤维细胞和癌细胞之间开发了二维异型共培养技术,可以研究基质反应。为此,将基质细胞接种并立即在肿瘤细胞系周围培养,并且细胞建立细胞 - 细胞接触以及遍及基质细胞的可溶性因子的梯度,类似于在组织中发现的。因此,该系统还使得研究者能够区分由直接的细胞 - 细胞接触和分泌因子引起的事件。

背景 组织内肿瘤的生长和存活取决于与周围基质细胞(如成纤维细胞,炎性细胞,内皮细胞和淋巴细胞)的相互作用。研究表明,随着肿瘤生长,癌细胞与周围成纤维细胞之间存在广泛的串扰。此外,肿瘤细胞可以将这些成纤维细胞激活成肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(TAF)。在某些情况下,这些成纤维细胞可能会限制肿瘤生长(Coulson-Thomas等人,2011和2013);然而,在许多情况下,这些TAF帮助肿瘤细胞生长和存活(Coulson-Thomas等,2010和2015)。因此,体外癌症研究也应考虑到TAF对癌细胞的保护作用。考虑到这一点,我们在成纤维细胞和癌细胞之间开发了2D异型共培养技术,可以在同一系统中研究TAF和癌细胞。

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