| mRNA Extraction from Gill Tissue for RNA-sequencing
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Author:
Date:
2020-03-05
[Abstract] Adaptation is thought to proceed in part through spatial and temporal changes in gene expression. Fish species such as the threespine stickleback are powerful vertebrate models to study the genetic architecture of adaptive changes in gene expression since divergent adaptation to different environments is common, they are abundant and easy to study in the wild and lab, and have well-established genetic and genomic resources. Fish gills, due to their respiratory and osmoregulatory roles, show many physiological adaptations to local water chemistry, including differences in gene expression. However, obtaining high-quality RNA using popular column-based extraction methods can be challenging from small tissue samples high in cartilage and bone such as fish gills. Here, we describe a bead-based ...
[摘要] [摘要 ] 适应被认为是部分通过基因表达的时空变化进行的。鱼种如 三脊棘背由于对不同环境的适应性差异很普遍，因此它们是研究基因表达适应性变化的遗传结构的强大脊椎动物模型，它们在野外和实验室中丰富且易于研究，并且具有完善的遗传和基因组资源。鱼g由于其呼吸和渗透调节作用，对局部水化学表现出许多生理适应性，包括基因表达的差异。但是，从流行于软骨和骨骼的小组织样本（例如鱼g）中，使用流行的基于柱的提取方法获得高质量的RNA可能具有挑战性。在这里，我们描述了不使用纯化柱的基于珠子的mRNA提取和转录组RNA-seq协议。为了使用动物或植物组织进行各种基因表达实验，可以根据样品量轻松调整实验方案。
[背景 ] 转录组测序（RNA-seq）用于量化基因的表达水平，鉴定样品组之间基因表达水平的差异并推断基因共表达。在进化遗传学研究，RNA-SEQ可以用来作为一种方法来研究自适应发散的分子基础（例如，Rougeux 等人;，2019 Verta酒店和Jones，2019） ，鉴定候选基因底层自适应的表型（例如，费雷拉等等人，2017），并推断未知基因的功能（例如，Rawat ...
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| A Small RNA Isolation and Sequencing Protocol and Its Application to Assay CRISPR RNA Biogenesis in Bacteria
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Author:
Date:
2018-02-20
[Abstract] Next generation high-throughput sequencing has enabled sensitive and unambiguous analysis of RNA populations in cells. Here, we describe a method for isolation and strand-specific sequencing of small RNA pools from bacteria that can be multiplexed to accommodate multiple biological samples in a single experiment. Small RNAs are isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and treated with T4 polynucleotide kinase. This allows for 3’ adapter ligation to CRISPR RNAs, which don’t have pre-existing 3’-OH ends. Pre-adenylated adapters are then ligated using T4 RNA ligase 1 in the absence of ATP and with a high concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The 3’ capture step enables precise determination of the 3’ ends of diverse RNA molecules. Additionally, a random hexamer in the ligated ...
[摘要] 新一代高通量测序技术能够对细胞中的RNA群体进行敏感和明确的分析。在这里，我们描述了一种从细菌中分离和链特异性测序小RNA池的方法，所述细菌可以在单个实验中多路复用以容纳多个生物样品。小RNA通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离并用T4多核苷酸激酶处理。这允许3'衔接头连接至CRISPR RNA，其不具有预先存在的3'-OH末端。然后使用T4 RNA连接酶1在不存在ATP和高浓度聚乙二醇（PEG）的情况下将前腺苷酸化的衔接子连接。 3'捕获步骤能够精确测定不同RNA分子的3'末端。此外，连接适配器中的随机六聚体有助于控制潜在的下游扩增偏差。逆转录后，将cDNA产物环化并通过PCR制备文库。我们显示扩增的文库不需要通过凝胶电泳可见，以期望产物的有效测序。使用这种方法，我们通常从少量纯化的小RNA制备RNA测序文库。该协议适合于通过对成熟的CRISPR RNA进行测序来测定细菌中的CRISPR RNA生物合成，但可以用于测序不同类型的小RNA。我们还提供了一个完整的数据处理管道示例，并提供了运行所提供脚本的说明。
【背景】与聚集的经常散布的短回文重复序列（CRISPR）相关的遗传模块赋予不同的原核宿主适应性免疫（Barrangou et ...
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| Adapting the Smart-seq2 Protocol for Robust Single Worm RNA-seq
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Author:
Date:
2018-02-20
[Abstract] Most nematodes are small worms that lack enough RNA for regular RNA-seq protocols without pooling hundred to thousand of individuals. We have adapted the Smart-seq2 protocol in order to sequence the transcriptome of an individual worm. While developed for individual Steinernema carpocapsae and Caenorhabditis elegans larvae as well as embryos, the protocol should be adaptable for other nematode species and small invertebrates. In addition, we describe how to analyze the RNA-seq results using the Galaxy online environment. We expect that this method will be useful for the studying gene expression variances of individual nematodes in wild type and mutant backgrounds.
[摘要] 大多数线虫是小蠕虫，缺乏足够的RNA用于常规的RNA-seq协议，而没有汇集成千上万的个体。 我们已经调整了Smart-seq2协议来排序单个蠕虫的转录组。 虽然针对Steinernema carpocapsae和Caenorhabditis elegans幼虫以及胚胎开发，但该方案应该适用于其他线虫物种和小无脊椎动物。 另外，我们介绍如何使用Galaxy在线环境分析RNA-seq结果。 我们预计这种方法将有助于研究野生型和突变体背景个体线虫的基因表达差异。
【背景】低输入RNA-seq方案和扩增试剂盒，例如Smart-seq（Takara Bio，USA，Inc）和SuperAmp（Miltenyl Biotec，Inc），已经越来越多地开发和商业化，作为对低输入RNA-基于小组织，单一微生物和单细胞的seq研究。这些研究经常探索并解决特定群体（例如细胞群体，复杂组织或微生物群体）的个体中的异源基因表达。针对微生物（如线虫）的低输入RNA-seq方案的改进和适应将通过允许在单一线虫水平上分析基因表达异质性而极大地有益于线虫领域。在这里，我们已经调整了单细胞RNA-seq方案Smart-seq2（Picelli等人，2013和2014; Trombetta等人，2014），对于单线虫RNA测序。我们成功地在昆虫寄生线虫Steinernema ...
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