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Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid·Na2-salt

乙二胺四乙酸·Na2盐

Company: SERVA Electrophoresis
Catalog#: 11280
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Transient Transfection-based Fusion Assay for Viral Proteins
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Date:
2017-03-05
[Abstract]  Membrane fusion is vital for entry of enveloped viruses into host cells as well as for direct viral cell-to-cell spread. To understand the fusion mechanism in more detail, we use an infection free system whereby fusion can be induced by a minimal set of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PrV) glycoproteins gB, gH and gL. Here, we describe an optimized protocol of a transient transfection based fusion assay to quantify cell-cell fusion induced by the PrV glycoproteins. [摘要]  膜融合对于将包膜病毒进入宿主细胞以及直接病毒细胞到细胞传播至关重要。为了更好地了解融合机制,我们使用无感染系统,可以通过最小的α疱疹病毒伪狂犬病病毒(PrV)糖蛋白gB,gH和gL诱导融合。在这里,我们描述了基于瞬时转染的融合测定的优化方案,以定量由PrV糖蛋白诱导的细胞 - 细胞融合。

背景 膜融合对于包膜病毒的进入和扩散至关重要。许多包膜病毒只需要一种或两种病毒蛋白来介导宿主细胞的附着和膜融合,分子机制也被很好地理解(Harrison,2015)。相比之下,疱疹病毒使用需要受体结合蛋白的更复杂的机制和由gB和异二聚体gH / gL复合物组成的核心融合机构用于感染性进入。导致疱疹病毒包膜与细胞膜融合的机制尚不完全清楚。疱疹病毒进入和传播的分子基础的详细知识对于针对各种疾病的有效对策是重要的。通过研究瞬时表达相关蛋白质的细胞的细胞融合活性来帮助更好的理解。已经开发了不同的模型系统,其中在不存在感染的情况下,开发了由糖蛋白gB和gH / gL和受体结合gD表示的最小的核心融合机制的融合,例如,对于1型单纯疱疹病毒和2(HSV-1和2 [Turner等人,1998; Muggeridge,2000; ...

Localization and Topology of Thylakoid Membrane Proteins in Land Plants
Author:
Date:
2014-12-20
[Abstract]  Thylakoids are a formation of flattened membrane vesicles and protein complexes found in cyanobacteria, algae and plants. In the chloroplasts of land plants the thylakoid membrane systems form a network of densely packed stacks called grana lamellae, which are connected by unstacked stroma lamellae. Photosystem II is mainly localized in the appressed grana region, while photosystem I and the ATP synthase complexes are enriched in the stroma lamellae. The cytochrome b6/f complex is distributed laterally throughout both stacked and unstacked membrane regions. The photosynthetic complexes consist of integral and peripheral proteins. The first part of this protocol (A) shows how to fractionate thylakoids into grana and stroma lamellae. The second part of this ... [摘要]  类囊体是在蓝细菌,藻类和植物中发现的扁平膜囊泡和蛋白质复合物的形成。在陆地植物的叶绿体中,类囊体膜系统形成称为颗粒薄片的密集堆叠的网络,其通过未堆叠的基质薄片连接。光系统II主要定位在贴壁的颗粒区域,而光系统I和ATP合酶复合物富集基质层。细胞色素e / f 复合物横向分布在堆叠和未堆叠的膜区域。光合复合物由整合蛋白和外周蛋白组成。本协议(A)的第一部分显示如何分裂类囊体成grana和基质层。该方案的第二部分(B)显示了如何区分强疏水整合膜缔合和弱静电膜和/或膜复合物缔合。由于必须特异性检测级分中的目标蛋白,针对目的蛋白产生的特异性抗体或表达标记融合蛋白的结构组分的互补无效突变体将是非常有利的。本协议(C)的最后一部分显示,如何调查内在和外围蛋白的拓扑。该方法需要针对目标蛋白的特异性抗体。对于内在膜蛋白,需要肽特异性抗体或表位标记的形式。该方案适合于低于5kDa的低分子量蛋白质(LMW)的研究(Torabi等人,2014)。

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