{{'Search' | translate}}
 

Tris-EDTA buffer solution

Tris-EDTA缓冲液

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: 93283
Bio-protocol()
Company-protocol()
Other protocol()

Isolation of Chromatin-bound Proteins from Subcellular Fractions for Biochemical Analysis
Author:
Date:
2018-10-05
[Abstract]  Shuttling of proteins between different cellular compartments controls their proteostasis and can contribute in some cases to regulate their activity. Biochemical analysis of chromatin-bound proteins, such as transcription factors, is often difficult because of their low yield and due to the interference from nucleic acids. This protocol describes a method to efficiently fractionate cells combined with a mechanical (i.e., sonication) or an enzymatic treatment (i.e., benzonase) that facilitates analysis of chromatin-bound protein extracts by Western blot analysis or by protein pull-down assays. This approach can be valuable to enrich a particular protein within a particular subcellular fraction either to study specific post-translational modification patterns or to ... [摘要]  在不同细胞区室之间穿梭蛋白质控制它们的蛋白质稳态,并且在某些情况下可以有助于调节它们的活性。 染色质结合蛋白(例如转录因子)的生化分析通常是困难的,因为它们的产率低并且由于核酸的干扰。 该协议描述了一种有效分离细胞的方法,结合机械(即,超声处理)或酶处理(即,benzonase),有助于分析染色质结合蛋白提取物 通过蛋白质印迹分析或蛋白质下拉分析。 该方法对于富集特定亚细胞级分内的特定蛋白质以研究特定的翻译后修饰模式或鉴定特定的蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用可能是有价值的。
【背景】许多染色质结合蛋白的活性和翻译后调节研究很少,因为在分离它们进行生化分析时存在技术困难。这甚至是转录因子的情况,例如基本的螺旋 - 环 - 螺旋(bHLH)转录因子,其通常在组织或细胞模型中具有稀缺的时间和空间表达模式(Dennis 等。,2018)。当生物材料的量成为研究分子途径的障碍时,协议细化有助于解除技术限制(Gillotin和Guillemot,2016)。在我们最近的研究中,我们努力了解神经元bHLH转录因子Ascl1的蛋白水解是如何在神经元分化的细胞模型中调节的(Gillotin et ...

In situ Hybridization (ISH) in Preparasitic and Parasitic Stages of the Plant-parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne spp.
Author:
Date:
2018-03-20
[Abstract]  The spatio-temporal expression pattern of a gene provides important indications to better understand its biological function. In situ hybridization (ISH) uses a labeled complementary single-stranded RNA or DNA probe to localize gene transcripts in a whole organism, a whole organ or a section of tissue. We adapted the ISH technique to the plant parasite Meloidogyne spp. (root-knot nematode) to visualize RNAs both in free-living preparasitic juveniles and in parasitic stages settled in the plant tissues. We describe each step of the probe synthesis, digoxigenin (DIG) labeling, nematode extraction from plant tissue, and ISH procedure. [摘要]  基因的时空表达模式为更好地理解其生物学功能提供了重要的指示。 原位杂交(ISH)使用标记的互补单链RNA或DNA探针来定位整个生物体,整个器官或一部分组织中的基因转录物。 我们将ISH技术应用于植物寄生虫

【背景】到目前为止,植物寄生性线虫的稳定转化尚未成功。 ISH能够在整个装载的Meloidogyne spp中分析体内时空基因表达。线虫。这些根结线虫在土壤中以微小蚓状幼虫(J2)形式孵化并感染宿主植物根部。 J2s穿透根部并迁移到根部维管柱状细胞。幼虫定居在根部,发育成J3和J4寄生幼鱼,诱导分化专化饲养细胞。线虫最终发育成梨形雌性,将在根表面释放数百个卵。在这里,我们报告了一个详细的协议来检测准备性整体安装J2s和寄生阶段中的单个RNA分子。寄生虫阶段的ISH需要在感染根部提取线虫前一天采取额外的程序。我们描述了在线虫整个组织中使用地高辛(DIG)标记的cDNA探针检测转录物。

In vitro Assay to Measure DNA Polymerase β Nucleotide Insertion Coupled with the DNA Ligation Reaction during Base Excision Repair
Author:
Date:
2017-06-20
[Abstract]  We previously reported that oxidized nucleotide insertion by DNA polymerase β (pol β) can confound the DNA ligation step during base excision repair (BER) (Çağlayan et al., 2017). Here, we describe a method to investigate pol β nucleotide insertion coupled with DNA ligation, in the same reaction mixture including dGTP or 8-oxo-dGTP, pol β and DNA ligase I. This in vitro assay enables us to measure the products for correct vs. oxidized nucleotide insertion, DNA ligation, and ligation failure, i.e., abortive ligation products, as a function of reaction time. This protocol complements our previous publication and describes an efficient way to analyze activities of BER enzymes and the functional interaction between pol β and DNA ligase I in vitro. [摘要]  我们以前报告说,通过DNA聚合酶β(polβ)的氧化的核苷酸插入可能会在碱基切除修复(BER)(Çağlayan等,2017)期间混淆DNA连接步骤。 在这里,我们描述了在与dGTP或8-氧代-dGTP,polβ和DNA连接酶I相同的反应混合物中研究与DNA连接相结合的polβ核苷酸插入的方法。该体外测定使得我们能够测量产物的正确性 与氧化核苷酸插入,DNA连接和连接失败,即流产结扎产物,作为反应时间的函数。 该协议补充了我们以前的出版物,并描述了一种有效的方法来分析BER酶的活性和polβ和DNA连接酶I在体外的功能相互作用。
【背景】该方案是观察BER路径的最后两个步骤:通过连接酶I通过polβ进行核苷酸插入和DNA连接。使用该方案,在体外在同一反应混合物中测量两种反应作为时间的函数。原始实体是在模拟BER中间体的单核苷酸缺口DNA底物上分析BER酶polβ和DNA连接酶I。这些BER酶与此BER中间体结合并起作用。该方案中使用的DNA底物包括在5'和3'端的荧光标记,使我们能够观察DNA底物的单核苷酸插入和DNA连接。与DNA连接偶联的polβ核苷酸插入模拟了切口DNA中间体从核苷酸插入步骤切换或引导到BER途径期间的连接步骤。使用该方案,也可以在polβ氧化的核苷酸(8-氧代-dGTP)插入后测量连接失败或者终止连接。这通过在BER中间体的5'-末端添加腺苷酸(AMP)基团进行定量来实现。该方案也可用于测量与其他DNA聚合酶和DNA连接酶连接的核苷酸插入。 ...

Comments