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GlutaMAX supplement, 100x

GlutaMAX TM补充物

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 35050038
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Live-cell Imaging of Neisseria meningitidis Microcolony Dispersal Induced by Lactate or Other Molecules
Author:
Date:
2018-01-20
[Abstract]  To efficiently colonize the nasopharyngeal epithelium, the human restricted pathogen Neisseria meningitidis follows a multistep adhesion cascade. First, the bacteria adhere to host cells and aggregate into spherical shaped structures called microcolonies. Several hours later, single bacteria start dispersing from the microcolonies and form a monolayer on top of the host cells. Once in proximity to host cells meningococci can adhere tightly to the epithelial surface or become internalized. This can eventually result in invasion of the mucosal surfaces and gain access to the bloodstream, causing a life-threatening disease. Lactate, a metabolite derived from human epithelial cells, has been previously shown to induce rapid dispersal of N. meningitidis from microcolonies. ... [摘要]  为了有效地定居鼻咽上皮,人类限制性病原体脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌遵循多步粘附级联。首先,细菌粘附到宿主细胞并聚集成称为微菌落的球形结构。几个小时后,单细菌开始从微菌落分散并在宿主细胞上形成单层。一旦接近宿主细胞,脑膜炎球菌可紧密地粘附在上皮表面或内化。这最终可能导致粘膜表面的侵入并进入血液,导致危及生命的疾病。乳酸是一种来源于人类上皮细胞的代谢物,之前已被证明能诱导N的快速分散。 meningitidis 来自微菌落。在这里,我们描述基于活细胞成像的宿主细胞自由方法来检查宿主来源的乳酸对N的时间的影响。 meningitides microcolony扩散。虽然在这个协议中我们使用乳酸盐,它可以很容易地修改,以测试其他分子的影响。

【背景】ñ。脑膜炎是引起败血症和/或脑膜炎的专性人类病原体。鼻咽上皮的初始附着和随后形成的小菌落是建立感染的第一步。为了导致疾病N。脑膜炎奈瑟球必须穿过鼻咽粘膜上皮屏障,其天然储库,并进入血液(Stephens,2009; ...

A Novel Protocol to Quantitatively Measure the Endocytic Trafficking of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Polarized Primary Neurons with Sub-cellular Resolution
Author:
Date:
2017-12-05
[Abstract]  Alzheimer’s disease’s established primary trigger is β-amyloid (Aβ) (Mucke and Selkoe, 2012). The amyloid precursor protein (APP) endocytosis is required for Aβ generation at early endosomes (Rajendran and Annaert, 2012). APP retention at endosomes depends on its sorting for degradation in lysosomes (Haass et al., 1992; Morel et al., 2013; Edgar et al., 2015; Ubelmann et al., 2017). The following endocytosis assay has been optimized to assess the amyloid precursor protein (APP) endocytosis and degradation by live murine cortical primary neurons (Ubelmann et al., 2017). [摘要]  阿尔茨海默病确定的主要触发因素是β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)(Mucke和Selkoe,2012)。 淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)内吞作用是在早期内体中产生Aβ所必需的(Rajendran和Annaert,2012)。 内涵体上的APP保留取决于其对溶酶体中的降解的分选(Haass等人,1992; Morel等人,2013; Edgar等人, 2015年; Ubelmann等人,2017年)。 已经优化了以下内吞作用测定法以评估活的小鼠皮层原代神经元的淀粉状蛋白前体蛋白(APP)内吞作用和降解(Ubelmann等人,2017)。

【背景】Aβ42积聚是阿尔茨海默病的主要触发因素。 APP的胞吞作用需要Aβ42代(辜和Squazzo,1994; Grbovic 等人,2003; Cirrito 等人,2008;拉金德伦等人,2008)。已经通过表面蛋白的经典生物素化在脉冲追踪动力学实验中分析了APP的内吞作用(Sannerud等人,2011; Xiao等人,2012; Sullivan等人,2014),在单细胞中通过使用针对APP的N-末端胞外结构域的抗体(Yamazaki等人,1995; Xiao ,2012)。这些研究中的大多数使用非神经元细胞(Yamazaki等人,1996; Lee等人,2008; Sullivan等人, ...

Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Murine Adipose Tissue
Author:
Date:
2017-08-20
[Abstract]  Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently intensively studied due to significant promise which they represent for successful implementations of future cell therapy clinical protocols. This in turn emphasizes importance of careful preclinical studies of MSC effects in various murine disease models. The appropriate cell preparations with reproducible biological properties are important to minimize variability of results of experimental cell therapies. We describe here a simple protocol for isolation of murine MSCs from adipose tissues and their reproducible multi-log expansion under hypoxia conditions. [摘要]  间充质干细胞(MSC)目前正在深入研究,因为它们代表未来细胞治疗临床方案的成功实施的重大前景。 这又强调了对各种鼠疾病模型中MSC效应的仔细临床前研究的重要性。 具有可重现的生物学性质的合适的细胞制剂对于最小化实验细胞疗法结果的变异性是重要的。 我们在这里描述了一种用于从脂肪组织中分离鼠MSC的简单方案及其在缺氧条件下的可重复的多对数扩增。
【背景】最初由Friedenstein鉴定的MSC是成纤维细胞样形态的骨髓细胞,粘附于塑料和高自我更新能力,导致体外成纤维细胞样集落的形成(Friedenstein等,1976; Review in Phinney andSensebé ,2013)。 MSCs由于其在医学上的潜在应用,目前是研究最成熟的成体祖细胞类型之一。这些细胞可以从各种器官中分离(Murray等,2014),并且被认为是源于血管,以周细胞或血管壁细胞。除了能够沿着成骨,脂肪形成和软骨形成谱系分化的能力之外,MSC具有免疫调节特性,并且被认为参与对组织损伤的反应,以及通过其影响巨噬细胞极化的能力来组织抗炎反应(Prockop,2013; Caplan,2016)。
   鉴于这些特性,MSCs代表了未来相关细胞治疗临床方案的成功实施的巨大前景。这反过来强调了在各种鼠疾病模型中使用MSC进行仔细临床前研究的重要性。制备大量具有可重复生物学特性的合适细胞样品的能力对于在开发基于MSC的实验细胞疗法期间最小化结果的变异性至关重要。然而,与具有强抗氧化防御性并因此在大气氧条件下相当好的人类MSC不同,小鼠MSC对氧应激更敏感,并且在常规CO2培养箱中培养时具有有限的寿命和扩张能力。相反,在缺氧条件下培养这些细胞,相反,显着延长了它们的寿命,并允许多对数扩增,提供足够量的具有可重复性质的细胞材料,用于用鼠实验疾病模型重复实验(Boregowda等,2012; ...

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