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Culture tubes

Company: Thermo Fischer Scientific
Catalog#: 14-432-22
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Intestinal Co-culture System to Study TGR5 Agonism and Gut Restriction
Author:
Date:
2021-03-20
[Abstract]  

The activation of the Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5, also known as the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1, GPBAR1) in enteroendocrine L-cells results in secretion of the anti-diabetic hormone Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) into systemic circulation. Consequently, recent research has focused on identification and development of TGR5 agonists as type 2 diabetes therapeutics. However, the clinical application of TGR5 agonists has been hampered by side effects of these compounds that primarily result from their absorption into circulation. Here we describe an in vitro screening protocol to evaluate the TGR5 agonism, GLP-1 secretion, and gut-restricted properties of small molecules. The protocol involves differentiating gut epithelial and endocrine cells together in transwells to

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[摘要]  [摘要]肠内分泌L细胞中的Takeda G蛋白受体5(TGR5,也称为G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体1,GPBAR1)的激活导致抗糖尿病激素胰高血糖素样肽1的分泌。 (GLP-1)进入全身循环。因此,最近的研究集中于鉴定和开发TGR5激动剂作为2型糖尿病治疗剂。但是,TGR5激动剂的临床应用受到这些化合物的副作用的阻碍,这些副作用主要是由于它们吸收进入循环系统所致。这里我们描述一个体外 筛选协议以评估TGR5激动剂,GLP-1分泌和小分子的肠道限制性特性。该协议涉及在跨孔中将肠道上皮细胞和内分泌细胞一起分化,以评估TGR5激动剂的药效学和化合物对肠道单层的毒性。作为概念的证明,我们证明了该协议在评估有效的TGR5激动剂自然存在的胆汁酸代谢物的性质中的应用。该协议改编自Chaudhari等人。(202 1 )。


[背景和d ] GI道的肠壁是由几个不同类型的细胞,每一个特定的和,有时独有的功能的(阿莱尔等人。,2018) ...

Using the Parafilm-assisted Microdissection (PAM) Method to Sample Rodent Nucleus Accumbens
Author:
Date:
2020-12-05
[Abstract]  Microdissection techniques are very important for anatomical and functional studies focused on neuroscience, where it is often necessary microdissect specific brain areas to perform molecular or anatomical analyses. The parafilm®-assisted microdissection (PAM) was previously described and involves the microdissection of tissue sections mounted on parafilm-covered glass slides. In this work, we describe the use of the PAM method to microdissect rodent nucleus accumbens (NAc). (1) We first describe the best way to perform the mouse euthanasia and how to remove the brain. (2) Next, we describe how to prepare the slides with parafilm® that will be used to receive the brain slices. (3) Following, we describe how to handle the brain in the cryostat, how to align ... [摘要]  [摘要]显微解剖技术对于专注于神经科学的解剖学和功能研究非常重要,在显微学中,通常有必要对特定的大脑区域进行显微解剖以进行分子或解剖学分析。石蜡膜® -assisted显微切割(PAM)先前描述的,并且涉及安装在封口膜覆盖的载玻片上的组织切片的显微切割。在这项工作中,我们描述了使用PAM方法微分散啮齿动物伏隔核(NAc)。(1)我们首先描述执行小鼠安乐死的最佳方法以及如何去除大脑。(2)接下来,我们介绍如何用石蜡制作的幻灯片® 那将被用来接收大脑切片。(3)接下来,我们描述如何在低温恒温器中处理大脑,如何对齐半球以及如何识别NAc前后限。(4)我们还描述了如何对切片进行染色和脱水,这是促进显微切割和保存大分子的关键步骤。(5)在最后一步,我们描述了如何识别NAc的背腹和后内侧界限,以及最后如何进行该区域的手动显微解剖。这是一种低成本的技术,该技术允许研究者具体microdissect任何脑区域,从该完整的RNA和蛋白质可被提取为执行几个分子分析(例如。,实时PCR,西方印迹和RNA-SEQ)。

[背景]伏隔核(NAC)是位于纹状体的rostroventral部分基底节的一部分。具体而言,NAc是我们称为腹侧纹状体的结构的一部分,该结构也包含嗅觉结节。众所周知,NAc在多巴胺能中脑边缘途径中的作用,其调节动机行为并对情绪和情境行为负责(Baik,2013)。伏隔核已经被牵连的精神疾病(例如,抑郁症),药物成瘾,肥胖,慢性疼痛,这表明在研究这个大脑结构的神经生物学的相关性(内斯特勒和Carlezon,2006;沃尔科夫等,2011;沃尔科夫和Morales,2015;Brandão等,2019; ...

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