| In vitro STING Activation with the cGAMP-STINGΔTM Signaling Complex
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Author:
Date:
2021-02-05
[Abstract] Activating the STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling pathway via administration of STING agonist cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) has shown great promise in cancer immunotherapy. While state-of-the-art approaches have predominantly focused on the encapsulation of cGAMP into liposomes or polymersomes for cellular delivery, we discovered that the recombinant STING protein lacking the transmembrane domain (STINGΔTM) could be used as a functional carrier for cGAMP delivery and elicit type I IFN expression in STING-deficient cell lines. Using this approach, we generated anti-tumoral immunity in mouse melanoma and colon cancer models, providing a potential translatable platform for STING agonist-based immunotherapy. Here, we report the detailed in vitro STING activation ...
[摘要] [摘要]通过给予STING激动剂环状GMP-AMP(cGAMP)激活STING(干扰素基因的刺激物)信号通路已显示出在癌症免疫治疗中的广阔前景。尽管目前最先进的方法主要集中在将cGAMP封装进脂质体或聚合物小体中以进行细胞递送,但我们发现缺少跨膜结构域(STINGΔTM)的重组STING蛋白可以用作cGAMP递送的功能载体。在STING缺陷型细胞系中诱导I型IFN表达。使用这种方法,我们在小鼠黑素瘤和结肠癌模型中产生了抗肿瘤免疫力,为基于STING激动剂的免疫疗法提供了潜在的可翻译平台。在这里,我们报告与cGAMP-STINGΔTM复合物的详细体外STING激活方案,以帮助研究人员进一步开发这种方法。该协议还可以轻松扩展到与STING激活相关的其他应用程序,例如控制各种类型的感染。
[背景]在过去的二十年中,STING(干扰素基因的刺激物)信号传导途径已成为免疫系统的关键特征,并有望成为针对病毒和细菌感染,自身免疫性疾病和癌症的治疗靶标。因此,递送STING激动剂以增强免疫应答已经成为学术机构和制药公司的极大兴趣领域(Ohkuri等人,2017)。尽管现有的努力主要集中在开发合成运载工具上(Shae et ...
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| A One-enzyme RT-qPCR Assay for SARS-CoV-2, and Procedures for Reagent Production
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Author:
Date:
2021-01-20
[Abstract] Given the scale of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the need for reliable, scalable testing, and the likelihood of reagent shortages, especially in resource-poor settings, we have developed an RT-qPCR assay that relies on an alternative to conventional viral reverse transcriptases, a thermostable reverse transcriptase/DNA polymerase (RTX) (Ellefson et al., 2016). Here we show that RTX performs comparably to the other assays sanctioned by the CDC and validated in kit format. We demonstrate two modes of RTX use – (i) dye-based RT-qPCR assays that require only RTX polymerase, and (ii) TaqMan RT-qPCR assays that use a combination of RTX and Taq DNA polymerases (as the RTX exonuclease does not degrade a TaqMan probe). We also provide straightforward recipes for the purification of this ...
[摘要] [摘要]鉴于持续进行的COVID-19大流行的规模,可靠,可扩展的测试需求以及试剂短缺的可能性(尤其是在资源匮乏的环境中),我们开发了一种n RT-qPCR分析方法,该方法依赖于其他方法与常规病毒逆转录酶相比,热稳定的逆转录酶/ DNA聚合酶(RTX)(Ellefson等,2016)。在这里,我们显示RTX与CDC认可并以试剂盒形式验证的其他检测方法具有可比性。我们演示了两种RTX使用模式-(i)仅需要RTX聚合酶的基于染料的RT-qPCR分析,以及(ii)使用RTX和Taq DNA聚合酶组合的TaqMan RT-qPCR分析(因为RTX核酸外切酶不降级ea TaqMan探针)。我们还提供了纯化该替代试剂RTX的简单方法。我们预计,在资源匮乏或需要的地方,研究人员可以获取可用的构建体,并开始开发自己的测定方法,而不论它们存在的调控框架如何。
[背景]尽管已采用多种病毒检测方法来检测SARS-CoV-2感染,包括各种分子诊断和免疫诊断测试,但逆转录酶定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)仍然是主要且最敏感的方法SARS-CoV-2检测试验(D'Cruz等,2020 ; Tang等,2020 )。RT-qPCR的首要地位在很大程度上是因为基于抗体的测试以及快速核酸诊断平台(如Abbott ...
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