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Company: Merck
Catalog#: 34860
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A Potent Vaccine Delivery System
Author:
Date:
2021-04-05
[Abstract]  

Most vaccines require co-delivery of an adjuvant in order to generate the desired immune responses. However, many currently available adjuvants are non-biodegradable, have limited efficacy, and/or poor safety profile. Thus, new adjuvants, or self-adjuvanting vaccine delivery systems, are required. Here, we proposed a self-adjuvanting delivery system that is fully defined, biodegradable, and non-toxic. The system is produced by conjugation of polyleucine to peptide antigen, followed by self-assembly of the conjugate into nanoparticles. The protocol includes solid-phase peptide synthesis of the vaccine conjugate, purification, self-assembly and physicochemical characterization of the product. Overall, this protocol describes, in detail, the production of a well-defined and effective

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[摘要]  [摘要]大多数疫苗需要共同递送佐剂,以产生所需的免疫应答。但是,许多当前可用的佐剂是不可生物降解的,功效有限,和/或安全性较差。因此,需要新的佐剂或自佐剂疫苗递送系统。在这里,我们提出了一种完全定义,可生物降解且无毒的自佐剂递送系统。该系统是通过将多亮氨酸与肽抗原缀合,然后将缀合物自组装成纳米颗粒而产生的。该方案包括疫苗结合物的固相肽合成,产物的纯化,自组装和理化表征。总体而言,该协议详细描述了针对肽抗原的定义明确且有效的自佐剂递送系统的生产,以及疑难解答的技巧。


[背景]肽亚基疫苗使用小抗原片段(表位)来引发针对传染病的保护性免疫反应,是近几十年来出现的最有希望的疫苗技术之一(Skwarczynski和Toth ,2016; Malonis等, 2020)。但是,由于肽本身总是很差 由于它们具有免疫原性,因此需要与佐剂(免疫刺激剂)和/或递送系统共同给药(Azmi等人,2014; Nevagi等人,2018)。当前,当涉及足以安全地施用于人类的佐剂时,仅存在几种选择。尽管有更多选择,但实验性佐剂的定义往往不明确,有毒或功效有限(Shi等人,2019)。开发来提供疫苗的最新策略之一是利用具有自佐剂特性的纳米结构(Skwarczynski和Toth,2014年)。特别是自组装聚合物已被广泛研究(Zhao等人,2017; Nevagi等人,2019 ...

Measurement of Ascorbic Acid and Glutathione Content in Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Author:
Date:
2020-10-20
[Abstract]  Ascorbic acid (AsA) and gluthathione (GSH) are two key components of the antioxidant machinery of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 presents both compounds in different concentrations (AsA, 20-100 μM and GSH, 2-5 mM). Therefore, it is important to have precise and sensitive methods to determine the redox status in the cell and to detect variations in this antioxidants. In this protocol, we describe an improved method to estimate the content of both antioxidants (in their reduced and oxidized forms) from the same sample obtained from liquid cultures of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. [摘要]  [摘要] 抗坏血酸(AsA)和明胶硫(GSH)是真核细胞和原核细胞抗氧化机制的两个重要组成部分。蓝藻Synechocystis sp.pcc6803以不同浓度(AsA,20-100μM和GSH,2-5mm)呈现这两种化合物。因此,有精确和敏感的方法来确定细胞中的氧化还原状态和检测这种抗氧化剂的变化是很重要的。在该方案中,我们描述了一种改进的方法,用以从Synechocystis sp.pcc6803的液体培养中获得的同一样品中估算两种抗氧化剂(以还原形式和氧化形式)的含量。

[背景] 细胞中的氧化还原状态可以被多种因素改变,产生氧化应激。我们使用该方案来量化暴露于50℃高温下的Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803中的GSH和AsA含量。如拟南芥所述,热胁迫导致抗氧化剂含量下降,并通过铁作用引起细胞死亡(Distefano et al., 2017;Aguilera等人,2019年预印本)。虽然本方案是针对Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803制定的,但也可用于测定其他蓝藻中GSH和AsA的含量。蓝藻中AsA含量很低,正常条件下uM含量在一定范围内,某些处理下pM含量在一定范围内。因此,我们提出了这个敏感的方法与一个改进的细胞裂解程序。

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