| Generation of Human iPSC-derived Neural Progenitor Cells (NPCs) as Drug Discovery Model for Neurological and Mitochondrial Disorders
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Author:
Date:
2021-03-05
[Abstract] The high attrition rate in drug development processes calls for additional human-based model systems. However, in the context of brain disorders, sampling live neuronal cells for compound testing is not applicable. The use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the field of neuronal disease modeling and drug discovery. Thanks to the development of iPSC-based neuronal differentiation protocols, including tridimensional cerebral organoids, it is now possible to molecularly dissect human neuronal development and human brain disease pathogenesis in a dish. These approaches may allow dissecting patient-specific treatment efficacy in a disease-relevant cellular context. For drug discovery approaches, however, a highly reproducible and cost-effective cell model is ...
[摘要] [摘要]药物开发过程中的高流失率要求使用其他基于人的模型系统。但是,在脑部疾病的情况下,不适合对活的神经元细胞进行采样以进行化合物测试。人类诱导的多能干细胞(iPSC )的使用彻底改变了神经元疾病建模和药物发现领域。由于基于iPSC的神经元分化方案(包括三维脑类器官)的发展,现在可以在一个碟子中分子解剖人神经元发育和人脑疾病的发病机理。这些方法可以允许在与疾病相关的细胞环境中解剖患者特异性的治疗功效。但是,对于药物发现方法,需要高度可复制且具有成本效益的细胞模型。在这里,我们描述了一种一步-步骤,用于从人产生健壮和可膨胀的神经祖细胞(NPC)工艺的iPSC 。用此协议生成的NPC是同质的且高度增殖。这些功能使NPC适合开发用于药物发现的高通量化合物筛选。人iPSC衍生的NPC示出了代谢依赖于线粒体活性,因此可也用于研究神经病症,其中线粒体功能受到影响。该协议涵盖了制备,培养和表征人iPSC来源的NPC所需的所有步骤。
图形摘要:
示意性的协议的所述发电机密封的离子人类源自iPSC的的NPC
[背景技术]近年来,目标为中心的药物发现的缺点已经用于寻址的神经系统疾病的方案变得明显,特别是(保罗等人,2010) ...
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| In vitro STING Activation with the cGAMP-STINGΔTM Signaling Complex
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Author:
Date:
2021-02-05
[Abstract] Activating the STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling pathway via administration of STING agonist cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) has shown great promise in cancer immunotherapy. While state-of-the-art approaches have predominantly focused on the encapsulation of cGAMP into liposomes or polymersomes for cellular delivery, we discovered that the recombinant STING protein lacking the transmembrane domain (STINGΔTM) could be used as a functional carrier for cGAMP delivery and elicit type I IFN expression in STING-deficient cell lines. Using this approach, we generated anti-tumoral immunity in mouse melanoma and colon cancer models, providing a potential translatable platform for STING agonist-based immunotherapy. Here, we report the detailed in vitro STING activation ...
[摘要] [摘要]通过给予STING激动剂环状GMP-AMP(cGAMP)激活STING(干扰素基因的刺激物)信号通路已显示出在癌症免疫治疗中的广阔前景。尽管目前最先进的方法主要集中在将cGAMP封装进脂质体或聚合物小体中以进行细胞递送,但我们发现缺少跨膜结构域(STINGΔTM)的重组STING蛋白可以用作cGAMP递送的功能载体。在STING缺陷型细胞系中诱导I型IFN表达。使用这种方法,我们在小鼠黑素瘤和结肠癌模型中产生了抗肿瘤免疫力,为基于STING激动剂的免疫疗法提供了潜在的可翻译平台。在这里,我们报告与cGAMP-STINGΔTM复合物的详细体外STING激活方案,以帮助研究人员进一步开发这种方法。该协议还可以轻松扩展到与STING激活相关的其他应用程序,例如控制各种类型的感染。
[背景]在过去的二十年中,STING(干扰素基因的刺激物)信号传导途径已成为免疫系统的关键特征,并有望成为针对病毒和细菌感染,自身免疫性疾病和癌症的治疗靶标。因此,递送STING激动剂以增强免疫应答已经成为学术机构和制药公司的极大兴趣领域(Ohkuri等人,2017)。尽管现有的努力主要集中在开发合成运载工具上(Shae et ...
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