| Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization Following RNAi Mediated Knockdown in Drosophila
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Author:
Date:
2021-02-20
[Abstract] Loss of function studies shed significant light on the involvement of a gene or gene product in different cellular processes. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is a classical yet straightforward technique frequently used to knock down a gene for assessing its function. Similar perturbations in gene expression can be achieved by siRNA, microRNA, or CRISPR-Cas9 methods also. In Drosophila genetics, the UAS-GAL4 system is utilized to express RNAi and make ubiquitous and tissue-specific knockdowns possible. The UAS-GAL4 system borrows genetic components of S. cerevisiae, hence rule out the possibility of accidental expression of the system. In particular, this technique uses a target-specific shRNA, and the expression of the same is governed by the upstream activating ...
[摘要] [摘要]功能丧失的研究为基因或基因产物在不同细胞过程中的参与提供了重要启示。短发夹RNA（shRNA）介导的RNA干扰（RNAi）是一种经典而直接的技术，经常用于敲低基因以评估其功能。也可以通过siRNA，microRNA或CRISPR-Cas9方法实现类似的基因表达扰动。在果蝇遗传学中，UAS-GAL4系统用于表达RNAi，并使遍在和组织特异性的基因敲除成为可能。UAS-GAL4系统借鉴了酿酒酵母的遗传成分，因此排除了系统意外表达的可能性。特别地，该技术使用靶标特异性shRNA，并且其表达受上游激活序列（UAS）支配。由特定启动子调节的GAL4受控表达可以普遍或以组织特异性方式驱动干扰RNA的表达。通过RNA分离和半定量RT-PCR反应，然后进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳来测量敲低效率。我们还采用了免疫染色程序来评估击倒效率。
RNAi为研究人员提供了降低基因产物水平（相当于亚同型条件）并研究结果的选择。基于UAS-GAL4的RNAi方法提供了基因表达的时空调节，还有助于推断早期发育阶段所需的基因功能。
[背景]果蝇果蝇（果蝇）是在研究实验室经常使用的一种通用模式生物。果蝇易于处理，繁殖和维护。而且，精心制作却寿命短，繁殖力高的果蝇具有更多的优势。果蝇遗传学工具的易用性有助于发展对基因功能的全面了解。由于果蝇基因中有60％与人类基因同源，并且具有前面提到的其他优点，因此果蝇是研究体内基因功能的显而易见的模型生物。 ...
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| Using RNA Sequencing and Spike-in RNAs to Measure Intracellular Abundance of lncRNAs and mRNAs
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Author:
Date:
2020-10-05
[Abstract] Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in normal physiology and in disease but their mechanisms of action can be challenging to identify. For mechanistic studies, it is often useful to know a lncRNA’s intracellular abundance, i.e., approximately how many molecules of the lncRNA are present in a typical cell of a cell-type of interest. At least two approaches have been used to approximate lncRNA intracellular abundance: single-molecule sensitivity RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) and single-gene, calibrated reverse-transcription followed by quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). However, like all experimental approaches, these methods have their limitations. smFISH, when analyzed using diffraction-limited microscopy, can underestimate intracellular ...
[摘要] [摘要]长非编码RNA（lncRNA）在正常生理和疾病中起着至关重要的作用，但其作用机理可能难以鉴定。对于机理研究，了解lncRNA的胞内丰度（即在目标细胞类型的典型细胞中大约存在多少个lncRNA分子）通常很有用。至少两种方法已用于估算lncRNA细胞内丰度：单分子敏感性RNA荧光原位杂交（smFISH ...
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