| RI-SEC-seq: Comprehensive Profiling of Nonvesicular Extracellular RNAs with Different Stabilities
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Author:
Date:
2021-02-20
[Abstract] Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered the main vehicles transporting RNAs in extracellular samples, including human bodily fluids. However, a major proportion of extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) do not copurify with EVs and remain in ultracentrifugation supernatants of cell-conditioned medium or blood serum. We have observed that nonvesicular exRNA profiles are highly biased toward those RNAs with intrinsic resistance to extracellular ribonucleases. These highly resistant exRNAs are interesting from a biomarker point of view, but are not representative of the actual bulk of RNAs released to the extracellular space. In order to understand exRNA dynamics and capture both stable and unstable RNAs, we developed a method based on size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) ...
[摘要] [摘要]外来体和其他细胞外囊泡（EVs）被认为是在细胞外样品（包括人体液）中运输RNA的主要载体。但是，大部分细胞外RNA（exRNA ）不能与EV共纯化，而是保留在细胞条件培养基或血清的超速离心上清液中。我们已经观察到非囊泡的exRNA概况高度偏向那些对细胞外核糖核酸酶具有固有抗性的RNA。从生物标志物的角度来看，这些高度抗性的exRNA很有趣，但不能代表释放到细胞外空间的RNA的实际体积。为了了解exRNA动态并捕获稳定和不稳定的RNA，我们开发了一种基于大小排阻色谱（SEC）分馏的RNase抑制剂（RI）处理的细胞条件培养基（RI-SEC-seq）的方法。这种方法使我们能够鉴定和研究细胞外核糖体和tRNA，并提供了可以在不久的将来影响生物标志物发现的细胞外RNAome的动态视图。
图形概要：
所述RI-SEC-SEQ协议的概述：大小排阻层析的级分的测序从nonvesicular胞样品用或不用RNA酶抑制剂（+/- RI）
[背景]细胞外RNA（exRNA ）参与细胞间通讯，并且在微创液体活检中有望成为疾病的生物标志物（O'Brien et ...
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| Plant ARGONAUTE Protein Immunopurification for Pathogen Cross Kingdom Small RNA Analysis
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Author:
Date:
2021-02-05
[Abstract] Over the last decade, it has been noticed that microbial pathogens and pests deliver small RNA (sRNA) effectors into their host plants to manipulate plant physiology and immunity for infection, known as cross kingdom RNA interference. In this process, fungal and oomycete parasite sRNAs hijack the plant ARGONAUTE (AGO)/RNA-induced silencing complex to post-transcriptionally silence host target genes. We hereby describe the methodological details of how we recovered cross kingdom sRNA effectors of the oomycete pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis during infection of its host plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This Bio-protocol contains two parts: first, a detailed description on the procedure of plant AGO/sRNA co-immunopurification and sRNA recovery for Illumina high throughput sequencing ...
[摘要] [摘要]在过去的十年中，已经注意到，微生物病原体和害虫将小RNA（sRNA）效应子传递到宿主植物中，以操纵植物生理学和免疫力，称为跨界RNA干扰。在此过程中，真菌和卵菌寄生虫sRNA劫持了植物ARGONAUTE（AGO）/ RNA诱导的沉默复合体，以转录后沉默宿主靶基因。我们在此描述方法学的细节，我们如何在宿主植物拟南芥感染期间恢复卵菌病原体拟南芥的跨界sRNA效应子。该生物协议包含两个部分：第一，关于植物AGO / sRNA co- 免疫纯化和sRNA回收，用于Illumina高通量测序分析。其次，我们解释了如何进行生物信息学小号斯尔纳序列分析读取可使用Galaxy服务器。原则上，该协议适用于研究来自多种宿主植物和植物相互作用（微生物）的AGO结合的sRNA。
[背景]小RNA（sRNA）可以充当病原体效应物，劫持植物ARGONAUTE（AGO）/ RNA诱导的沉默复合物（RISC），并使宿主mRNA沉默以进行感染，这种病毒被称为跨界RNA干扰的毒力机制（Weiberg等。，2015； Zeng等，2019）。分析感染期间与植物AGO结合的sRNA的库是一种选择方法，以全面了解可能通过宿主AGO / RISC起作用的植物入侵性病原体sRNA。基于抗体的植物AGO / ...
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| Whole-genome Identification of Transcriptional Start Sites by Differential RNA-seq in Bacteria
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Author:
Date:
2020-09-20
[Abstract] Gene transcription in bacteria often starts some nucleotides upstream of the start codon. Identifying the specific Transcriptional Start Site (TSS) is essential for genetic manipulation, as in many cases upstream of the start codon there are sequence elements that are involved in gene expression regulation. Taken into account the classical gene structure, we are able to identify two kinds of transcriptional start site: primary and secondary. A primary transcriptional start site is located some nucleotides upstream of the translational start site, while a secondary transcriptional start site is located within the gene encoding sequence.
Here, we present a step by step protocol for genome-wide transcriptional start sites determination by differential RNA-sequencing (dRNA-seq) ...
[摘要] [摘要] 细菌中的基因转录通常起始于起始密码子上游的一些核苷酸。识别SPE cific Ť ranscriptional 小号挞小号ITE （TSS）为遗传操作必需的，因为在许多情况下，起始密码子上游有中涉及的基因表达调控序列元件。考虑到经典的基因结构，我们能够鉴定出两种转录起始位点：一级和二级。主要转录起始位点位于翻译起始位点上游的一些核苷酸上，而次要转录起始位点位于基因编码序列内。
这里，我们提出一步步协议全基因组吨ranscriptional 小号馅饼小号ITES d etermination通过差RNA测序（DRNA 使用肠道病原体-SEQ）福氏痢疾杆菌血清型菌株5A作为M90T模型。但是，该方法可以用于选择的任何其他细菌物种。第一步，使用热酚法从细菌培养物中纯化总RNA。核糖体RNA（rRNA）是使用商业试剂盒通过杂交探针特异性去除的。然后准备一个富含5'- 一磷酸依赖性核酸外切酶（TEX）处理的，富含初级转录本的RNA文库，用于与未进行TEX处理的文库进行比较，然后连接已知序列的RNA接头衔接子，从而确定具有单核苷酸精度的TSS。最后，对RNA进行处理以制备Illumina测序文库，并按购买的服务进行测序。通过内部生物信息学分析鉴定TSS。
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