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Acetic acid

Company: Sigma
Catalog#: 695092
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Dissecting the Rat Mammary Gland: Isolation, Characterization, and Culture of Purified Mammary Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts
Author:
Date:
2020-11-20
[Abstract]  

With the advent of CRISPR-Cas and the ability to easily modify the genome of diverse organisms, rat models are being increasingly developed to interrogate the genetic events underlying mammary development and tumorigenesis. Protocols for the isolation and characterization of mammary epithelial cell subpopulations have been thoroughly developed for mouse and human tissues, yet there is an increasing need for rat-specific protocols. To date, there are no standard protocols for isolating rat mammary epithelial subpopulations. Analyzing changes in the rat mammary hierarchy will help us elucidate the molecular events in breast cancer, the cells of origin for breast cancer subtypes, and the impact of the tumor microenvironment. Here we describe several methods developed for 1) rat mammary

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[摘要]  [摘要]随着CRISPR-Cas的出现以及能够轻松修饰各种生物的基因组的能力,越来越多地开发大鼠模型来询问乳腺发育和肿瘤发生的遗传事件。已经为小鼠和人类组织彻底开发了用于分离和表征乳腺上皮细胞亚群的方案,但是对大鼠特异性方案的需求却在不断增长。迄今为止,还没有用于分离大鼠乳腺上皮亚群的标准方案。分析大鼠乳腺层次的变化将有助于我们阐明乳腺癌中的分子事件,乳腺癌亚型的起源细胞以及肿瘤微环境的影响。在这里,我们描述为1)大鼠乳腺上皮细胞分离开发的几种方法;2)大鼠乳腺成纤维细胞分离;3)培养大鼠乳腺上皮细胞;通过4)流式细胞仪分析和鉴定大鼠乳腺细胞;5)免疫荧光。源自该协议的细胞可用于多种目的,包括RNAseq ,药物研究,功能测定,基因/蛋白质表达分析和图像分析。


[背景]大多数与乳腺有关的研究都是在小鼠模型和人体样品中进行的。然而,由于其具有类似于人的药代动力学特征和乳腺发育,该疾病的大鼠模型正变得越来越流行(Russo等人,1990;Jiunn等人,2008; Smalley等人,2016)。像人类腺癌一样,大鼠乳腺癌也经历组织学发展阶段(Russo等,1990; Singh等,2000),并且是卵巢激素依赖性的(Thompson等,1998; ...

Whole-genome Identification of Transcriptional Start Sites by Differential RNA-seq in Bacteria
Author:
Date:
2020-09-20
[Abstract]  Gene transcription in bacteria often starts some nucleotides upstream of the start codon. Identifying the specific Transcriptional Start Site (TSS) is essential for genetic manipulation, as in many cases upstream of the start codon there are sequence elements that are involved in gene expression regulation. Taken into account the classical gene structure, we are able to identify two kinds of transcriptional start site: primary and secondary. A primary transcriptional start site is located some nucleotides upstream of the translational start site, while a secondary transcriptional start site is located within the gene encoding sequence.

Here, we present a step by step protocol for genome-wide transcriptional start sites determination by differential RNA-sequencing (dRNA-seq) ...
[摘要]  [摘要] 细菌中的基因转录通常起始于起始密码子上游的一些核苷酸。识别SPE cific Ť ranscriptional 小号挞小号ITE (TSS)为遗传操作必需的,因为在许多情况下,起始密码子上游有中涉及的基因表达调控序列元件。考虑到经典的基因结构,我们能够鉴定出两种转录起始位点:一级和二级。主要转录起始位点位于翻译起始位点上游的一些核苷酸上,而次要转录起始位点位于基因编码序列内。

这里,我们提出一步步协议全基因组吨ranscriptional 小号馅饼小号ITES d etermination通过差RNA测序(DRNA 使用肠道病原体-SEQ)福氏痢疾杆菌血清型菌株5A作为M90T模型。但是,该方法可以用于选择的任何其他细菌物种。第一步,使用热酚法从细菌培养物中纯化总RNA。核糖体RNA(rRNA)是使用商业试剂盒通过杂交探针特异性去除的。然后准备一个富含5'- 一磷酸依赖性核酸外切酶(TEX)处理的,富含初级转录本的RNA文库,用于与未进行TEX处理的文库进行比较,然后连接已知序列的RNA接头衔接子,从而确定具有单核苷酸精度的TSS。最后,对RNA进行处理以制备Illumina测序文库,并按购买的服务进行测序。通过内部生物信息学分析鉴定TSS。

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