| Assay for Assessing Mucin Binding to Bacteria and Bacterial Proteins
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Author:
Date:
2021-03-05
[Abstract] Legionella pneumophila, a Gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, exports over 300 effector proteins/virulence factors, through its type II (T2SS) and type IV secretion systems (T4SS). One such T2SS virulence factor, ChiA, not only functions as a chitinase, but also as a novel mucinase, which we believe aids ChiA-dependent virulence during lung infection. Previously published protocols manipulated wild-type L. pneumophila strain 130b and its chiA mutant to express plasmid-encoded GFP. Similarly, earlier studies demonstrated that wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) can be fluorescently labeled and can bind to mucins. In the current protocol, GFP-labeled bacteria were incubated with type II and type III porcine stomach mucins, which were then labeled with ...
[摘要] [摘要]嗜肺军团杆菌是革兰氏阴性细菌,是军团菌病的病原体,通过其II型(T2SS)和IV型分泌系统(T4SS)出口了300多种效应蛋白/毒力因子。一种这样的T2SS毒力因子ChiA不仅起几丁质酶的作用,而且还起新型粘蛋白酶的作用,我们认为它可以在肺部感染期间帮助ChiA依赖性毒力。以前发表的协议操纵野生型肺炎嗜血杆菌130b菌株及其chiA突变体,以表达质粒编码的GFP。同样,较早的研究表明,小麦胚芽凝集素(WGA)可以进行荧光标记,并可以与粘蛋白结合。 在当前方案中,将GFP标记的细菌与II型和III型猪胃粘蛋白孵育,然后用TexasRed标记的WGA进行标记,并通过流式细胞术进行分析,以测量在有或没有HLA的情况下细菌与粘蛋白的结合。内源性ChiA。另外,我们分析了纯化的ChiA与II型和III型猪胃粘蛋白的结合。该方案将细菌和直接蛋白结合到粘蛋白上,并且是第一个使用WGA和流式细胞术分析革兰氏阴性细菌与粘蛋白结合的方法。
图形摘要:
自动生成手机说明的屏幕截图
评估细菌和蛋白质与粘蛋白结合的策略
[背景技术]嗜肺军团菌(LPN ),革兰氏阴性细菌,是军团病,肺炎的严重形式的病原体。L ...
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| Preparation of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles for Characterisation of Periplasmic Proteins in Their Native Environment
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Author:
Date:
2020-12-20
[Abstract] Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally formed by budding from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs consist of a lipid bilayer identical in composition to the original outer membrane and contain periplasmic content within their lumen. Enriched with specific envelope proteins, OMVs make for an excellent native-like platform to study these proteins in-situ using biophysical methods. Here, we describe in detail the preparation of OMVs from Escherichia coli, which are luminally enriched with periplasmic proteins and uniformly labeled with stable isotopes (2H and 15N), suitable for the subsequent characterisation of proteins at atomic resolution in their native environment by solution-state NMR spectroscopy. The ability to perform structural studies of periplasmic ...
[摘要] [摘要]细菌外膜囊泡(OMV)是由革兰氏阴性细菌的外膜出芽自然形成的。OMV由组成与原始外膜相同的脂质双层组成,并且在其内腔中含有周质成分。OMV富含特定的包膜蛋白,是使用生物物理方法原位研究这些蛋白的绝佳天然样平台。在这里,我们详细描述了从大肠杆菌制备OMV的方法,该方法在光亮时富含周质蛋白,并用稳定的同位素(2 H和15 N)均匀标记,适用于后续表征溶液状态NMR光谱分析天然环境中蛋白质的原子分辨率。执行周质成分的结构研究的能力,现场清除的方式来REAC兴的这种独特的细胞室的功能和机理细节的深入了解。
[背景]革兰氏阴性菌的周质是一个相当了不起的细胞室。这个空间中,内和外细菌膜之间禁闭,包含在抽蛋白一个ö ř dinarily高浓度超过300毫克毫升-1 (奥利弗,1996) ,并且在不存在的细胞来源,如ATP,功能几乎大力独立从其胞质对应物。到目前为止,有关周质蛋白的结构知识是使用从其天然环境分离的纯化蛋白专门获得的。因此,这种特殊环境可能对蛋白质施加的任何结构和功能影响在纯化过程中都会丢失。由于周质的体积比低,阻碍了使用生物物理方法如细胞内NMR光谱原位研究周质蛋白的努力,周质的体积比仅占细菌总体积的5-1 0%(Brass等,1986)。 )。
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| Optogenetic Tuning of Protein-protein Binding in Bilayers Using LOVTRAP
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Author:
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract] Modern microscopy methods are powerful tools for studying live cell signaling and biochemical reactions, enabling us to observe when and where these reactions take place from the level of a cell down to single molecules. With microscopy, each cell or molecule can be observed both before and after a given perturbation, facilitating better inference of cause and effect than is possible with destructive modes of signaling quantitation. As many inputs to cell signaling and biochemical systems originate as protein-protein interactions near the cell membrane, an outstanding challenge lies in controlling the timing, location and the magnitude of protein-protein interactions in these unique environments. Here, we detail our procedure for manipulating such spatial and temporal protein-protein ...
[摘要] [摘要] 现代显微镜方法是研究活细胞信号转导和生化反应的强大工具,使我们能够观察这些反应的时间和位置,从细胞水平到单个分子。利用显微镜,可以在给定的扰动之前和之后观察每个细胞或分子,比起破坏性的信号定量方法,可以更好地推断因果关系。由于细胞信号传导和生化系统的许多输入源于细胞膜附近的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用,因此一个巨大的挑战在于控制时间,位置 以及这些独特环境中蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用的程度。在这里,我们详细介绍了在封闭的显微镜系统中使用这种基于时空的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用系统,在支持的脂质双分子层上使用基于LOVTRAP的光反应性蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用系统的程序。系统可以在几秒钟内做出响应,并且可以将细节图案化到1微米级别。我们使用了该技术来解锁T细胞信号传导的基本方面,并且该方法可推广到许多其他细胞信号传导和生化环境。
背景技术细胞信号传导和细胞生物学中的问题通常集中在细胞如何感知和响应其环境上。进行这些细胞决定的信号级联反应包含的蛋白质可以在几秒钟到几分钟的时间内将纳米级移动到微米级。某些常用方法,例如蛋白质印迹,qPCR ...
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