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Kanamycin Monosulfate

Company: Goldbio
Catalog#: K-120-10
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Optogenetic Tuning of Protein-protein Binding in Bilayers Using LOVTRAP
Author:
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract]  Modern microscopy methods are powerful tools for studying live cell signaling and biochemical reactions, enabling us to observe when and where these reactions take place from the level of a cell down to single molecules. With microscopy, each cell or molecule can be observed both before and after a given perturbation, facilitating better inference of cause and effect than is possible with destructive modes of signaling quantitation. As many inputs to cell signaling and biochemical systems originate as protein-protein interactions near the cell membrane, an outstanding challenge lies in controlling the timing, location and the magnitude of protein-protein interactions in these unique environments. Here, we detail our procedure for manipulating such spatial and temporal protein-protein ... [摘要]  [摘要] 现代显微镜方法是研究活细胞信号转导和生化反应的强大工具,使我们能够观察这些反应的时间和位置,从细胞水平到单个分子。利用显微镜,可以在给定的扰动之前和之后观察每个细胞或分子,比起破坏性的信号定量方法,可以更好地推断因果关系。由于细胞信号传导和生化系统的许多输入源于细胞膜附近的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用,因此一个巨大的挑战在于控制时间,位置 以及这些独特环境中蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用的程度。在这里,我们详细介绍了在封闭的显微镜系统中使用这种基于时空的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用系统,在支持的脂质双分子层上使用​​基于LOVTRAP的光反应性蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用系统的程序。系统可以在几秒钟内做出响应,并且可以将细节图案化到1微米级别。我们使用了该技术来解锁T细胞信号传导的基本方面,并且该方法可推广到许多其他细胞信号传导和生化环境。

背景技术细胞信号传导和细胞生物学中的问题通常集中在细胞如何感知和响应其环境上。进行这些细胞决定的信号级联反应包含的蛋白质可以在几秒钟到几分钟的时间内将纳米级移动到微米级。某些常用方法,例如蛋白质印迹,qPCR ...

Ratiometric Measurement of Protein Abundance after Transient Expression of a Transgene in Nicotiana benthamiana
Author:
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract]  Ratiometric reporters are tools to dynamically measure the relative abundance of a protein of interest. In these systems, a target protein fused to a fluorescent or bioluminescent reporter is expressed with fixed stoichiometry to a reference protein fused to a second reporter. Both fusion proteins are encoded on a single transcript but are separated during translation by a 2A “self-cleaving” peptide. This approach enables changes in the relative abundance of a target protein to be detected sensitively, reducing variability in expression of the ratiometric reporter transgene that may occur across different tissues or transformation events. We recently developed a set of Gateway-compatible plant transformation vectors termed pRATIO that combine a variety of promoters, fluorescent and ... [摘要]  [摘要] 比率报告基因是动态测量目标蛋白质相对丰度的工具。在这些系统中,与荧光或生物发光报告基因融合的靶蛋白以固定的化学计量比与与第二报告基因融合的参考蛋白表达。两种融合蛋白均编码在单个转录本上,但在翻译过程中被2A“自切割”肽隔开。这种方法使目标蛋白质的相对丰度的变化能够被敏感地检测到,从而减少了可能在不同组织或转化事件中发生的比例报告基因转基因表达的变异性。我们最近开发了一套与网关兼容的植物转化载体,称为pRATIO 结合了多种启动子,荧光和生物发光报告基因以及源自口蹄疫病毒的2A肽。在这里,我们详细描述了如何使用双荧光比率记者pRATIO3212检查靶蛋白的瞬时表达后的相对丰度烟草本塞姆氏叶。对于此示例,我们分析了响应于karrikins 和rac -GR24 处理的拟南芥MAX2 1(SMAX1)蛋白抑制子的降解。该方案提供了一种简单,快速,易于扩展的方法,用于体内分析农杆菌浸润的烟草叶片组织中的相对蛋白质丰度。

[背景] Karrikins (KARs )是在烟雾中发现的丁烯内酯化合物,可刺激拟南芥种子萌发并增强幼苗的光形态发生(Flematti ,2004; Nelson 等,2009、2010 和2012)。拟南芥中的KAR响应需要α/β- 水解酶KARRIKIN对光的敏感性/低敏感性(KAI2 / HTL)(Sun and Ni,2011; ...

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