| Expression and Purification of Arabidopsis Transmembrane Protein BCM1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Author:
Date:
2020-09-20
[Abstract] Heterologous expression and purification of transmembrane proteins have remained a challenge for decades hampering detailed biochemical and structural characterization of key enzymes and their interacting regulators in multiple metabolic pathways. An in-depth study on the newly identified Arabidopsis thaliana integral membrane protein BALANCE OF CHLOROPHYLL METABOLISM 1 (BCM1) showed a stimulatory effect of the BCM1 on magnesium chelatase, the first enzyme of chlorophyll biosynthesis, through interaction with the GENOMES UNCOUPLED 4 (Wang et al., 2020). Here, we report a detailed and optimized method for heterologous expression and purification of His-tagged BCM1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Following this method, we obtained native BCM1 used for in vitro ...
[摘要] [摘要 ] 异源表达和公顷跨膜蛋白的纯化VE 仍然几十年来阻碍了关键酶详述生物化学和结构表征一个挑战小号和它们的相互作用调节在多个代谢途径。上新鉴定进行了深入的研究拟南芥拟南芥叶绿素代谢1(BCM1)的整合膜蛋白BALANCE显示一个通过与相互作用对镁螯合,叶绿素生物合成的第一个酶,所述BCM1的刺激效应基因组中脱开4 (王等等人,2020)。这里 ,我们报告了酿酒酵母中His-tagged BCM1异源表达和纯化的详细和优化方法。˚F ollowing这种方法,我们获得用于本机BCM1 体外酶测定的镁螯合(王等人,2020) 。目前,BCM1的结晶研究正在进行中。这个协议可以适于纯化BCM 1一样从用于酶和结构研究真核生物的跨膜蛋白。
[背景 ] 鉴定翻译后单组的lators其指导LY 调制enzym 一个叶绿素合成的酶的抽动活动可以大大提高我们理解的分子机制,通过该植物保持高效叶绿素叶期间LL合成绿化(Brzezowski 等人,2015年)。然而,叶绿素合成酶及其相互作用蛋白的详细生化分析受到体外重组蛋白可用性的限制。我们最近发现一个叶绿素代谢1(BCM1)的翻译后调节平衡,同时刺激小号叶绿素合成和延迟叶绿素分解,日ERE 被授予叶发育过程中的叶绿素稳态(王等人,2020年)。为了检查BCM1对镁螯合酶(MgCh ...
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| In vitro Cultivation and Visualization of Malaria Liver Stages in Primary Simian Hepatocytes
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Author:
Date:
2020-08-20
[Abstract] Human liver is the primary and obligatory site for malaria infection where sporozoites invade host hepatocytes. Malaria hepatic stages are asymptomatic and represent an attractive target for development of anti-malarial interventions and vaccines. However, owing to lack of robust and reproducible in vitro culture system, it is difficult to target and study this imperative malaria liver stage. Here, we describe a procedure that allow cultivation and visualization of malaria hepatic stages including dormant hypnozoites using primary simian hepatocytes. This method enables sensitive and quantitative assessment of different hepatic stages in vitro.
[摘要] [摘要 ] 人肝是疟疾感染的主要场所,子孢子侵入宿主肝细胞。疟疾的肝分期是无症状的,并且是开发抗疟疾干预措施和疫苗的有吸引力的目标。然而,由于缺乏健壮和可重现的体外培养系统,因此难以靶向和研究这种必不可少的疟疾肝阶段。在这里,我们描述了一种程序,该程序允许使用原代猿猴肝细胞培养和可视化疟疾肝阶段,包括休眠的次生子。这种方法可以对体外不同肝期进行灵敏和定量的评价。
[背景 ] 疟疾是女性的叮咬后传染给人类按蚊蚊子注入子孢子进入血流,其迁移到肝脏和侵入宿主的肝细胞。在肝细胞内部,子孢子进行第一轮无性繁殖并转化为多核肝裂殖体。完全成熟的肝脏裂殖体破裂并释放裂殖子,该裂殖子进入血流并感染红细胞(RBC)。在红细胞内部,寄生虫进行了第二轮无性繁殖,血液阶段的完成最终引起了与疟疾有关的临床症状。例外地,在所有疟原虫物种中,间日疟原虫,食蟹猴和卵圆形疟原虫的子孢子可产生休眠的肝形式,称为次生子孢子(Prudêncioet al。,2011)。
间日疟原虫是第二大主要疟原虫,在包括热带,亚热带和温带气候在内的所有疟疾物种中地理分布更广。消除间日疟原虫疟疾的最大挑战是由休眠的次生子激活引起的周期性疟疾复发,这些休眠的次生子启动了肝阶段增殖的发作(Wells ...
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| A Method for User-defined Mutagenesis by Integrating Oligo Pool Synthesis Technology with Nicking Mutagenesis
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Author:
Date:
2020-08-05
[Abstract] Saturation mutagenesis is a fundamental enabling technology for protein engineering and epitope mapping. Nicking mutagenesis (NM) allows the user to rapidly construct libraries of all possible single mutations in a target protein sequence from plasmid DNA in a one-pot procedure. Briefly, one strand of the plasmid DNA is degraded using a nicking restriction endonuclease and exonuclease treatment. Mutagenic primers encoding the desired mutations are annealed to the resulting circular single-stranded DNA, extended with high-fidelity polymerase, and ligated into covalently closed circular DNA by Taq DNA ligase. The heteroduplex DNA is resolved by selective degradation of the template strand. The complementary strand is synthesized and ligated, resulting in a library of mutated ...
[摘要] [摘要] 饱和突变是蛋白质工程和表位定位的基础技术。缺口突变(NM)允许用户在一锅程序中快速构建目标蛋白序列中所有可能的单一突变的文库。简言之,质粒DNA的一条链被切痕限制性内切酶和核酸外切酶处理降解。编码所需突变的突变引物退火成环状单链DNA,用高保真聚合酶延伸,并通过taqdna连接酶连接成共价闭合的环状DNA。通过选择性降解模板链来分解异源双链DNA。合成并连接互补链,形成一个共价闭合的环状质粒库。后来的研究表明,由于该过程中使用的引物很少,因此通常在使用前需要扩增的再悬浮寡聚物池可以直接用于诱变过程。因为寡聚体可以包含数以万计的独特寡聚体,这使得在一个单罐突变反应中能够构建数以万计用户定义突变的库,这显著提高了NM的效用,如下所述。
寡聚物的使用为诱变实验提供了一种经济上有利的方法。首先,寡核苷酸池合成比传统合成便宜得多。第二,可以产生一个混合池,用于多个不同基因的诱变。为了使用同一个寡聚体进行多种基因的诱变,使用者只需量化特定于其诱变实验的寡聚体部分,并调整寡聚体的体积和有效浓度,以用于缺口突变。
[背景] 蛋白质功能序列相关性的评价对于蛋白质科学的应用和基础研究具有重要意义。近年来,深度突变扫描(DMS)已经上升到基于蛋白质的研究的前沿(Fowler and ...
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