| Whole-mount Immunohistochemistry of Adult Zebrafish Retina for Advanced Imaging
|
|
Author:
Date:
2020-12-20
[Abstract] Immunohistochemistry is a widely used technique to examine the expression and subcellular localization of proteins. This technique relies on the specificity of antibodies and requires adequate penetration of antibodies into tissues. The latter is especially challenging for thick specimens, such as embryos and other whole-mount preparations. Here we describe an improved method of immunohistochemistry for retinal whole-mount preparations. We report that a cocktail of three reagents, Triton X-100, Tween-20, and DMSO, in blocking and antibody dilution buffers strongly enhances immunolabeling in whole-mount retinas from adult zebrafish. In addition, we establish that in whole retinal tissues, a classic epitope retrieval method, based on citrate buffer, is effective for immunolabeling ...
[摘要] Abstra CT ]免疫组织化学是一种广泛使用的技术来检验表达和蛋白质的亚细胞定位。该技术依赖于抗体的特异性,并且需要抗体充分渗透到组织中。对于厚的标本,例如胚胎和其他整装样品,后者尤其具有挑战性。在这里,我们描述了一种用于视网膜整装制剂的免疫组织化学的改进方法。我们报告说,三种试剂鸡尾酒,曲通X - 封闭和抗体稀释缓冲液中的100,Tween-20和DMSO强烈增强了成年斑马鱼整个视网膜中的免疫标记。此外,我们建立了在整个视网膜组织中,基于柠檬酸盐缓冲液的经典表位检索方法,可以有效地免疫标记膜相关蛋白。总的来说,这种简单的修饰可以对视网膜整装中的蛋白质进行精确且可重复的免疫标记。
[背景]为了理解复杂的生物过程,形态学和组织学分析能够进行切合实际的定性和quantitativ ë接近。免疫组织化学是一种用于可视化细胞内和细胞外蛋白表达和定位的强大技术。尽管常规组织学切片可提供高分辨率的免疫染色蛋白图像,但对3维组织进行切片会导致组织结构保存不佳。在各节中,不容易理解完整的细胞结构和对蛋白质3维分布的完整理解。相反,整装制剂可提供大量3D信息,包括完整的细胞结构以及复杂组织中细胞和分子的空间关系。然而,使免疫组织化学适合与完整组织一起使用通常会导致抗体的渗透性差,导致标记不完全和高度的非特异性背景。
在视网膜,径向M的细胞体ü米勒胶质细胞跨度视网膜的整个厚度(Bringmann等人,2006)。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的先天免疫细胞,具有小的细胞体和分叉的过程,分布在整个视网膜实质中(Li等人,2015; ...
|
|
|
| Flow Cytometry of CD14, VDR, Cyp27 and Cyp24 and TLR4 in U937 Cells
|
|
Author:
Date:
2020-08-05
[Abstract] Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients present a micro inflammation state due to failure renal function. The calcitriol has been described as an anti-inflammatory factor that might modulates the inflammatory response in CKD patients. However, these patients have deficiency of Calcitriol due to failure renal function. But, synthesis of this vitamin has been reported in extra renal production, as in monocytes. In this context, it has been reported that the supplementation with 25 vitamin D (calcidiol or inactive form of vitamin D) induces monocytes to downregulate inflammation, due to the intracellular 1α-hidroxilase that converts calcidiol to calcitriol in these cells. Besides some reports used RT-qPCR, Western Blot or immunofluorescence techniques to investigate the expression of ...
[摘要] [摘要] 慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者由于肾功能衰竭而出现微炎症状态。骨化三醇被认为是一种抗炎因子,可能调节CKD患者的炎症反应。然而,这些患者由于肾功能衰竭而出现骨化三醇缺乏症。但是,据报道,这种维生素的合成是在肾外产生的,比如在单核细胞中。在这种情况下,有报道称,补充25维生素D(钙二醇或不活跃形式的维生素D)可诱导单核细胞下调炎症反应,这是由于细胞内的1α-羟脯氨酸酶将钙二醇转化为骨化三醇。本研究除采用RT-qPCR、Western-Blot或免疫荧光技术研究炎症和维生素D机械生物标志物在几种疾病中的表达外,本研究还应用流式细胞术技术评价25种维生素D对CD14、Toll样受体4(TLR4)、维生素D受体(VDR)的影响,单核细胞系(U937)中的1-α羟化酶(CYP27)、24-羟化酶(CYP24)。将U937培养物与健康或CKD血清孵育,用或不加25维生素D(50 ng/ml,24 h)处理,以评估CD14、TRL4、VDR、CYP27和CYP24的表达。该方案显示了研究25维生素D处理对细胞内和细胞膜生物标志物表达的影响的优势。此外,与RT-qPCR、westernblot或免疫荧光法相比,该技术不费力,但易于操作和解释。
[背景] ...
|
|
|