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MgCl2

Company: Sigma
Catalog#: M8266-100G
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Method for Prolonged Incubation of Brain Slices
Author:
Date:
2020-07-20
[Abstract]  Slices of neuronal tissue maintain a high degree of topographical and functional properties of neurons and glia and therefore are extensively used for measurements of neuronal activity at the molecular, cellular and network levels. However, the lifespan of slice preparations is narrow, averaging of 6-8 hours. Moreover, the average viability of brain slices varies according to animal age and region of interest, leading to the high variability and low reproducibility of recorded data.

Previous techniques to increase the viability of brain slices focused on reducing cytotoxicity by chemical means, including alterations of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) composition to alleviate the direct damage of the slicing procedure or adding protective antioxidants to reduce ...
[摘要]  [摘要 ] 神经元组织的切片保持了神经元和神经胶质的高度地形和功能特性,因此被广泛用于在分子,细胞和网络水平上测量神经元的活性。然而,切片制剂的寿命很窄,平均为6-8小时。而且,脑切片的平均生存力会根据动物的年龄和目标区域而变化,从而导致记录数据的高变异性和低再现性。

先前增加脑切片活力的技术集中于通过化学手段降低细胞毒性,包括改变人工脑脊液(aCSF )成分以减轻切片过程的直接损害或添加保护性抗氧化剂以减少细胞退化。在该协议中,我们将体温过低与恢复室中aCSF 条件(pH,温度和细菌水平)的牢固控制结合使用,以显着延长切片的生存能力。

考虑到其用途的广度,提高切片的生存能力和寿命可以大大提高数据的可重复性,并减少神经生理学研究中使用的动物的成本,时间和数量。

[背景 ] 神经组织切片提供基本的神经科学研究独特的优势,因为它使神经网络活动的直接调查和药理化合物对中枢神经系统的影响。因此,迫切需要为实验目的以最高质量制备和维持切片的活力。神经元切片的生存能力取决于几个内在和外在因素(Buskila 等人,2014),根据切片过程可将其分为三个阶段:切片前(切片前),切片中(切片)和切片后切片)切片程序。在切片前降低切片活力的主要因素包括局部缺血和缺氧,这是由于消除了持续供血引起的(Buskila et ...

Generation and in Planta Functional Analysis of Potato Virus Y mutants
Author:
Date:
2020-07-20
[Abstract]  Potato virus Y (PVY), the type member of the genus Potyvirus (family Potyviridae), is the most widespread virus affecting potato and is included in the top five most economically detrimental plant viruses. Recently, the structure of the PVY virion has been determined by cryo-electron microscopy, which has opened the doors to functional studies that explore the involvement of selected amino acids in different stages of the viral cycle. The only way to functionally challenge in planta the role of particular amino acids in the coat protein of PVY, or in other viral proteins, is by using cDNA clones. The use and manipulation of PVY cDNA clones, unlike those of other potyviruses, has been traditionally impaired by the toxicity that certain sequences within the PVY ... [摘要]   [摘要] 马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)是马铃薯Y病毒属(Potyvirus,Potyvirus,Potyvirus科)的模式成员,是危害马铃薯最广泛的病毒之一,被列为最具经济危害性的五大植物病毒之一。最近,低温电子显微镜技术已经确定了PVY病毒离子的结构,这为功能性研究打开了大门,可以探索在病毒周期的不同阶段中所选择的氨基酸的参与。唯一能在植物体内挑战PVY外壳蛋白或其它病毒蛋白中特定氨基酸的作用的方法是使用cDNA克隆。与其他马铃薯Y病毒不同,PVY cDNA克隆的使用和操作一直受到PVY基因组中某些序列对大肠杆菌的毒性的影响。在这里,我们描述了一个已发表的PVY cDNA克隆,它含有克服上述毒性的内含子,以探索不同外壳蛋白修饰对病毒感染的影响。该方案包括在大肠杆菌中操作cDNA克隆,用构建的克隆对植物进行生物接种,观察对植物的生物学效应,通过逆转录定量PCR对cDNA克隆进行定量,并通过透射电镜证实病毒离子的形成。未来的可能性包括使用荧光蛋白报告者标记的PVY cDNA克隆,以进一步深入了解外壳蛋白突变对PVY病毒离子细胞间运动的影响。

[背景] ...

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