| Quantification of the Surface Expression of G Protein-coupled Receptors Using Intact Live-cell Radioligand Binding Assays
|
|
Author:
Date:
2020-09-20
[Abstract] G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most structurally diverse family of signaling proteins and regulate a variety of cell function. For most GPCRs, the cell surface is their functional destination where they are able to respond a wide range of extracellular stimuli, leading to the activation of intracellular signal transduction cascades. Thus, the quantity of receptor expression at the cell surface is a crucial factor regulating the functionality of the receptors. Over the past decades, many methods have been developed to measure the cell surface expression of GPCRs. Here, we describe an intact live-cell radioligand binding assay to quantify the surface expression of GPCRs at the endogenous levels or after overexpression. In this assay, cell cultures will be incubated with ...
[摘要] [摘要] G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)是信号蛋白中结构最多样化的家族,可调节多种细胞功能。对于大多数GPCR,细胞表面是它们的功能目的地,能够响应广泛的细胞外刺激,从而激活细胞内信号转导级联反应。因此,受体在细胞表面的表达量是调节受体功能的关键因素。在过去的几十年中,已开发出许多方法来测量GPCR的细胞表面表达。在这里,我们描述了完整的活细胞放射性配体结合测定法,以量化内源水平或过表达后GPCR的表面表达。在该测定中,将细胞培养物与特定的细胞不可渗透的放射性配体温育,所述放射性不可配体选择性地和化学计量地结合至各个GPCR,并且通过受体结合的配体的放射性来定量细胞表面的受体数量。 此方法对于测量完整活细胞表面的功能性GPCR具有高度特异性,对于内源性,低丰度的GPCR特别有用。
[背景 ] G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)构成细胞表面受体的最大超家族,并在生理和病理条件下调节多种细胞功能(Hauser 等人,2017; Hilger 等人,2018; Weinberg和Puthenveedu,2019) ...
|
|
|
| Generation of T cells from Human and Nonhuman Primate Pluripotent Stem Cells
|
|
Author:
Date:
2020-07-05
[Abstract] Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to provide homogeneous cell populations of T cells that can be grown at a clinical scale and genetically engineered to meet specific clinical needs. OP9-DLL4, a stromal line ectopically expressing the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 (DLL4) is used to support differentiation of PSCs to T-lymphocytes. This article outlines several protocols related to generation of T cells from human and non-human primate (NHP) PSCs, including initial hematopoietic differentiation of PSC on OP9 feeders or defined conditions, followed by coculture of the OP9-DLL4 cells with the PSC-derived hematopoietic progenitors (HPs), leading to efficient differentiation to T lymphocytes. In addition, we describe a protocol for robust T cell generation from hPSCs conditionally ...
[摘要] [摘要] 多能干细胞(PSCs)有潜力提供同质的T细胞群体,这些细胞可以在临床规模上生长,并通过基因工程来满足特定的临床需求。OP9-DLL4是一种异位表达Notch配体Delta-like 4(DLL4)的基质细胞系,用于支持psc向T淋巴细胞的分化。本文概述了从人类和非人类灵长类(NHP)PSC中产生T细胞的几种方法,包括在OP9喂食者或特定条件下对PSC进行初始造血分化,然后将OP9-DLL4细胞与PSC衍生的造血祖细胞(HPs)共培养,从而有效地分化成T淋巴细胞。此外,我们描述了一个从有条件表达ETS1的hPSCs中产生健壮T细胞的方案。所提出的协议提供了一个平台,用于疾病建模和评估其在大型动物模型免疫治疗中的应用。
[背景] T淋巴细胞(T细胞)在细胞介导的免疫反应中起着关键作用,参与肿瘤细胞的监测和杀伤。在过去的几十年里,已经开发了几种策略来重定向、培养和/或增强抗肿瘤的T淋巴细胞(Houot等人,2015年;June等人,2018年),并将其用于基于T细胞的过继免疫治疗。最近的临床试验表明,用嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞治疗复发性和难治性淋巴瘤患者的疗效显著(Riviere和Sadelain,2017)。
人类多能干细胞(hPSCs),包括胚胎(hESCs)和诱导(hiPSCs),为生产用于过继性细胞免疫疗法的T细胞提供了一种很有前景的资源,可与基因工程技术相结合,产生现成的CAR ...
|
|
|