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Company: Thermo Scientific
Catalog#: 25200072
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Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Ultracentrifugation
Author:
Date:
2020-12-20
[Abstract]  Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of membranous vesicles that differ on their biogenesis and release pathways, such as exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. They are involved in cell-to-cell communication delivering signal molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.) that can regulate different physiological processes, as well as the development and progression of several diseases. There are different methods and commercial kits to isolate EVs and depending on the methodology one could obtain EVs with different degrees of efficiency, purity and it can be more or less time-consuming. Then, the choice has to be according to the different advantages and disadvantages, and their use for downstream applications. Here, we describe the EVs isolation ... [摘要]  [摘要]细胞外囊泡(EV多个),关于它们的生物合成和释放途径不同膜囊泡的一组异质小号,诸如外来体,微泡和凋亡小体。它们参与细胞间传递信号的信号分子(蛋白质,核酸,脂质等),这些信号分子可调节不同的生理过程以及几种疾病的发生和发展。分离电动汽车有不同的方法和商业工具包,根据方法学的不同,人们可以获得具有不同程度的效率,纯度的电动汽车,这或多或少会耗时。然后,必须根据不同的优缺点及其在下游应用中的用途进行选择。在这里,我们描述了通过超速离心从间充质基质细胞分离电动汽车的方法。可以使用通用培养基和缓冲液进行电动汽车隔离,并且仅需要分析型超速离心机即可。此外,该方法可用于获得电动车的大量再现性良好发展体外和体内实验,研究它们的生物学作用小号。


[背景]间充质干细胞(MSCs)对不同疾病的进展具有保护作用,有助于免疫调节和炎症状态(Bartholomew等,2002; Togel等,2005; Azmi等,2013; Ebrahimi等人,2013; Ben-Ami等人,2014)。它们的保护作用不仅归因于它们的转分化作用,还归因于它们的旁分泌机制,例如释放出具有免疫调节,抗炎,抗凋亡和促血管生成功能的细胞外小泡(EV)(Bruno等,2009; Camussi等)。 。,2010一个;农庄。等人,2020) ...

A 3D Skin Melanoma Spheroid-Based Model to Assess Tumor-Immune Cell Interactions
Author:
Date:
2020-12-05
[Abstract]  Three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroids have the potential to bridge the gap between two-dimensional (2D) monolayer tumor cell cultures and solid tumors with which they share a significant degree of similarity. However, the progression of solid tumors is often influenced by the dynamic and reciprocal interactions between tumor and immune cells. Here we present a 3D tumor spheroid-based model that might shed new light on understanding the mechanisms of tumor and immune cell interactions. The model first utilizes the hanging drop assay, which serves as one of the simplest methods for generating 3D spheroids and requires no specialized equipment. Next, pre-established spheroids can be co-cultured either directly or indirectly with an immune cell population of interest. Using skin melanoma, we ... [摘要]  [摘要]三维(3D)肿瘤球体具有弥合二维(2D)单层肿瘤细胞培养物与实体瘤之间的差距的潜力,它们之间有着显着的相似性。然而,实体瘤的进展通常受肿瘤与免疫细胞之间的动态相互作用和相互影响的影响。在这里,我们提出了一个基于3D肿瘤球体的模型,该模型可能会为了解肿瘤与免疫细胞相互作用的机制提供新的思路。的该模型首先利用了悬滴法,这是生成3D球体的最简单方法之一,不需要专门的设备。接下来,可以将预先建立的球体与目标免疫细胞群体直接或间接共培养。使用皮肤黑色素瘤,我们提供了该模型的详细说明,这可能对成功治疗策略的开发具有重要意义。

[背景]三维(3D)肿瘤球体是球形的自组装肿瘤细胞聚集体,类似于微转移瘤并复制实体瘤的许多特征。就像在无血管实体瘤的非增生区域一样,球体内部区域的肿瘤细胞通常表现出扰动的基因和蛋白质表达,新陈代谢改变,细胞周期停滞和坏死(Sant and Johnston ,2017)。但是,用于生成3D椭球体的大多数当前可用技术是耗时,困难和昂贵的。一种简单,快速,简便的生成3D球体的方法是使用悬滴法(Foty ...

FRET Reporter Assays for cAMP and Calcium in a 96-well Format Using Genetically Encoded Biosensors Expressed in Living Cells
Author:
Date:
2020-06-05
[Abstract]  Stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) by hormones and neurotransmitters elicits cellular responses, many of which result from alterations in the concentrations of cytosolic cAMP and Ca2+. Here, we describe a microplate reader fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay that uses the genetically encoded biosensors H188 and YC3.60 so that it is possible to monitor the kinetics with which alterations of [cAMP] or [Ca2+] occur in monolayers or suspensions of living cells exposed to GPCR agonists. This protocol uses HEK293 cell lines doubly transfected with a FRET biosensor and a recombinant GPCR of interest (e.g., glucagon receptors, CCK2 receptors, or NPY2R receptors). The protocol allows for rapid screening of small molecule GPCR ... [摘要]  [摘要] 激素和神经递质刺激G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)引起细胞反应,其中许多是由于胞质cAMP和Ca 2+ 浓度的变化所致。在这里,我们描述了酶标仪的荧光共振能量转移使用遗传编码的生物传感器H188和YC3.60进行FRET)分析,从而可以监测暴露于GPCR激动剂的活细胞的单层或悬浮液中[cAMP]或[Ca 2+ ]发生变化的动力学。该协议使用FRET 生物传感器和感兴趣的重组GPCR 双重转染的HEK293细胞系(例如 ,胰高血糖素受体,CCK 2 受体或NPY2R受体)。该方案可快速筛选小分子GPCR 激动剂和拮抗剂,它还可用于发现具有GPCR活化作用的合成单,双和三激动肽。属性。

[背景] 活细胞荧光共振能量转移(FRET)分析结合显微镜和数字成像技术通常用于监测cAMP和Ca 2+的水平响应GPCR激动剂刺激而波动的动力学。另一种不使用显微镜的方法,而是使用自动荧光分光光度计和活细胞的单层或悬浮液,以96孔格式基于FRET的cAMP和Ca 2+ 的检测。该方案使用基因编码的生物传感器,以实现平均动力学可以在已知浓度应用GPCR激动剂的条件下,使用酶标仪实时获得药理研究数据。这些FRET分析使用稳定表达cAMP生物传感器H188(Klarenbeek 等人,2015 )或Ca的细胞系2+ 生物传感器YC3.60(Nagai ...

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