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D-Glucose

Company: Sigma
Catalog#: G7528
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Preparation of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles for Characterisation of Periplasmic Proteins in Their Native Environment
Author:
Date:
2020-12-20
[Abstract]  

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally formed by budding from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs consist of a lipid bilayer identical in composition to the original outer membrane and contain periplasmic content within their lumen. Enriched with specific envelope proteins, OMVs make for an excellent native-like platform to study these proteins in-situ using biophysical methods. Here, we describe in detail the preparation of OMVs from Escherichia coli, which are luminally enriched with periplasmic proteins and uniformly labeled with stable isotopes (2H and 15N), suitable for the subsequent characterisation of proteins at atomic resolution in their native environment by solution-state NMR spectroscopy. The ability to perform structural studies of periplasmic

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[摘要]  [摘要]细菌外膜囊泡(OMV)是由革兰氏阴性细菌的外膜出芽自然形成的。OMV由组成与原始外膜相同的脂质双层组成,并且在其内腔中含有周质成分。OMV富含特定的包膜蛋白,是使用生物物理方法原位研究这些蛋白的绝佳天然样平台。在这里,我们详细描述了从大肠杆菌制备OMV的方法,该方法在光亮时富含周质蛋白,并用稳定的同位素(2 H和15 N)均匀标记,适用于后续表征溶液状态NMR光谱分析天然环境中蛋白质的原子分辨率。执行周质成分的结构研究的能力,现场清除的方式来REAC兴的这种独特的细胞室的功能和机理细节的深入了解。

[背景]革兰氏阴性菌的周质是一个相当了不起的细胞室。这个空间中,内和外细菌膜之间禁闭,包含在抽蛋白一个ö ř dinarily高浓度超过300毫克毫升-1 (奥利弗,1996) ,并且在不存在的细胞来源,如ATP,功能几乎大力独立从其胞质对应物。到目前为止,有关周质蛋白的结构知识是使用从其天然环境分离的纯化蛋白专门获得的。因此,这种特殊环境可能对蛋白质施加的任何结构和功能影响在纯化过程中都会丢失。由于周质的体积比低,阻碍了使用生物物理方法如细胞内NMR光谱原位研究周质蛋白的努力,周质的体积比仅占细菌总体积的5-1 0%(Brass等,1986)。 )。

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Pancreatic Acinar Cell Preparation for Oxygen Consumption and Lactate Production Analysis
Author:
Date:
2020-05-20
[Abstract]  Mitochondrial dysfunction is a principal feature of acute pancreatitis (AP) although the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. AP precipitants induce Ca2+-dependent formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) in pancreatic acinar cells (PACs), leading to ATP depletion and necrosis. Evaluations of mitochondrial bioenergetics have mainly been performed in isolated PACs using confocal microscopy, with assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential, NADH/FAD+ and ATP levels, coupled with patch-clamp electrophysiology. These studies are technically demanding and time-consuming. Application of Seahorse flux analysis now allows detailed investigations of bioenergetics changes to be performed in cell populations using a multi-well plate-reader ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] 线粒体功能障碍是急性胰腺炎(AP)的主要特征,尽管其潜在机制尚不清楚。AP沉淀剂诱导胰腺腺泡细胞(PACs)中线粒体通透性过渡孔(MPTP)的Ca 2+ 依赖性形成,导致ATP耗竭和坏死。线粒体生物能学的评估主要使用共聚焦显微镜在分离的PAC中进行,评估线粒体膜电位,NADH / FAD + 和ATP水平,以及膜片钳电生理学。这些研究在技术上既费时又费力。应用范围 海马通量分析现在允许使用多孔平板阅读器格式对细胞群体中的生物能学变化进行详细研究;耗氧率(OCR)和细胞外酸化率(ECAR)分别提供有关细胞呼吸和糖酵解的重要信息。诸如最大呼吸,ATP关联容量和质子泄漏等参数可以通过应用呼吸功能“压力”测试得出,该测试涉及电子传输链的药理处理。因此,使用Seahorse Flux分析提供了一种快速,方便的方法来测量详细的细胞生物能学,并使结果与其他基于平板读取器的测定法结合使用,从而更全面地了解线粒体生物能学改变的病理生理后果。

[背景 ] 线粒体功能障碍是急性胰腺炎(AP)的核心特征,急性胰腺炎是一种使人衰弱且可能致命的疾病,目前尚无针对性的治疗方法(Criddle,2016; Habtezion ...

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