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Company: BactoTM
Catalog#: 309604
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Improved Macrophage Isolation from Mouse Skeletal Muscle
Author:
Date:
2021-04-20
[Abstract]  

Macrophages are a heterogeneous class of innate immune cells that offer a primary line of defense to the body by phagocytizing pathogens, digesting them, and presenting the antigens to T and B cells to initiate adaptive immunity. Through specialized pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory activities, macrophages also directly contribute to the clearance of infections and the repair of tissue injury. Macrophages are distributed throughout the body and largely carry out tissue-specific functions. In skeletal muscle, macrophages regulate tissue repair and regeneration; however, the characteristics of these macrophages are not yet fully understood, and their involvement in skeletal muscle aging remains to be elucidated. To investigate these functions, it is critical to be able to efficiently

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[摘要]  [摘要]巨噬细胞是异质类,提供防御的在主体上的主线路先天免疫细胞的通过phagocyt定义的病原体,消化荷兰国际集团它们,本荷兰国际集团的抗原的T和B细胞以引发适应性免疫。通过专门的促炎或抗炎活动,巨噬细胞也直接有助于清除感染和修复组织损伤。巨噬细胞分布在全身,并主要执行组织特定功能。在骨骼肌中,巨噬细胞调节组织的修复和再生。H 然而,这些巨噬细胞的特征还没有被完全理解,它们在骨骼肌衰老中的作用还有待阐明。为了研究这些功能,至关重要的是能够有效地从骨骼肌中分离出足够的纯度和产量的巨噬细胞用于各种下游分析。在这里,我们详细描述了一种从小鼠中分离骨骼肌巨噬细胞的优化方法。这种方法已允许的isolat的离子的高纯度CD45 + / CD11b的+从年轻和年老小鼠,其可以进一步用于流巨噬细胞cytometr ÿ分析,荧光激活细胞分选(FACS),和单细胞RNA测序。

[背景] Metchnikoff及其同事在一个多世纪以前发现巨噬细胞为“专业”吞噬细胞(Underhill等,2016)。后来的研究表明,巨噬细胞构成一类异质的细胞,在整个人体的组织中发挥着不同的功能(Wynn等人,2013)。巨噬细胞可分为两种主要类型:组织驻留巨噬细胞和非组织驻留巨噬细胞(Ginhoux和Guilliams ...

A CRISPR Competition Assay to Identify Cancer Genetic Dependencies
Author:
Date:
2020-07-20
[Abstract]  The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful tool for genome editing, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease Cas9 can be directed to introduce double-stranded breaks (DSBs) at a targeted locus. In mammalian cells, these DSBs are typically repaired through error-prone processes, resulting in insertions or deletions (indels) at the targeted locus. Researchers can use these Cas9-mediated lesions to probe the consequences of loss-of-function perturbations in genes of interest. Here, we describe an optimized protocol to identify specific genes required for cancer cell fitness through a CRISPR-mediated cellular competition assay. Identifying these genetic dependencies is of utmost importance, as they provide potential targets for anti-cancer drug development. This protocol provides researchers with a robust ... [摘要]  [摘要] CRISPR / Cas9系统是用于基因组编辑的强大工具,其中RNA引导的核酸酶Cas9可以直接在目标基因座处引入双链断裂(DSB)。在哺乳动物细胞中,这些DSB通常通过容易出错的过程进行修复,从而导致在目标基因座处插入或缺失(indel)。研究人员可以使用这些Cas9介导的病变来探究结果目标基因的功能丧失扰动。在这里,我们描述了一种优化的协议,可通过CRISPR介导的细胞竞争测定法来鉴定癌细胞适应性所需的特定基因。鉴定这些遗传依赖性至关重要,因为它们为抗癌药物的开发提供了潜在的靶标。该协议为研究人员提供了一种强大且可扩展的方法,以研究多种细胞系和癌症类型中的基因依赖性,并验证高通量或全基因组筛选的结果。

[背景] CRISPR / Cas9系统被认为已发展成为一种适应性的原核病毒防御系统(Mojica 等,2005; Makarova 等,2006)。它被发现后不久,就被研究人员选中,并进行了基因组编辑以供实验室使用(Doudna和Charpentier,2014年; Hsu 等人,2014年)。通过转基因表达Cas9核酸酶以及与靶序列互补的短链RNA(sgRNA),可以将双链断裂(DSB)引入各种细胞和生物体的目标位点(Cong 等,2013)。 ...

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Genome Editing Tools by a Frameshift Fluorescence Protein Reporter
Author:
Date:
2020-05-20
[Abstract]  In the last decade, genome editing has been the center of attention as a novel tool for mechanistic investigations and for potential clinical applications. Various genome editing tools like meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases (TALEN), and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated genes (Cas), have been developed in recent years. For the optimal use as well as continued developments of these genome editing tools, the evaluation of their efficiencies and accuracies is vital. Here, we present a protocol for a reporter based on frameshift fluorescence protein which we recently developed to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of genome editing tools. In this method, a ~20 bp target sequence ... [摘要]  [摘要] 在过去的十年中,基因组编辑作为一种机制研究和潜在临床应用的新工具已成为关注的焦点。近年来,已开发出各种基因组编辑工具,例如大范围核酸酶,锌指核酸酶(ZFN),转录激活子样基于效应子的核酸酶(TALEN)以及成簇的规则间隔的短回文重复序列(CRISPR)相关基因(Cas)。 。对于这些基因组编辑工具的最佳使用和持续发展,评估其效率和准确性至关重要。在这里,我们介绍了一种基于移码荧光蛋白的报告子方案,我们最近开发了该方案以评估效率和 基因组编辑工具的实用性。在这种方法中,在天蓝色荧光蛋白(CFP)的起始密码子后插入一个约20 bp的包含移码的靶序列,以使其荧光失活,并且只有新的插入/缺失事件会重新激活CFP 荧光。 。为了增加可追溯性,将内部核糖体进入位点和红色荧光蛋白mCherryFP 放置在报告子的下游。由in / del介导的荧光恢复产生的CFP阳性细胞的百分比可以通过荧光测量装置定量,作为基因组编辑频率的读数。作为演示,我们在这里介绍CRISPR-Cas9技术的使用以及流式细胞仪作为荧光变化的读数。

[背景] 基因组编辑工具对于生物学机制的研究以及遗传疾病的预防和/或治疗非常重要(Maeder和Gersbach,2016)。在最近的几十年中,引入了几种基因组编辑工具,包括大范围核酸酶(Epinat 等,2003),锌指核酸酶(ZFN)(Kim ...

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