| Transfection and Activation of CofActor, a Light and Stress Gated Optogenetic Tool, in Primary Hippocampal Neuron Cultures
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Author:
Date:
2021-04-20
[Abstract] Proteins involved in neurodegeneration can be coupled with optogenetic reagents to create rapid and sensitive reporters to provide insight into the biochemical processes that mediate the progression of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). We have recently developed a novel optically-responsive tool (the ‘CofActor’ system) that couples cofilin and actin (key players in early stage cytoskeletal abnormalities associated with neurodegenerative disorders) with light-gated optogenetic proteins to provide spatial and temporal resolution of oxidative and energetic stress-dependent biochemical events. In contrast to currently available small-molecule based biosensors for monitoring changes in the redox environment of the cell, CofActor is a ...
[摘要] [摘要]参与神经变性蛋白质可具有耦合光遗传学试剂来创建快速且灵敏的记者到provid Ë洞察介导的神经变性疾病，包括进展的生化过程阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）。我们最近开发了一种新型光学-响应工具（“辅”系统）夫妇COF伊林和行动中使用（与神经退行性疾病相关的早期阶段，细胞骨架异常关键球员）光门控光遗传学 蛋白质提供时空分辨率的氧化和高能应激依赖的生化事件。与目前可用的基于小分子的生物传感器来监测细胞氧化还原环境的变化相比，CofActor是一种光激活的，遗传编码的氧化还原传感器，可以通过精确的空间和时间控制来激活。在这里，我们描述了从新生小鼠制备的解离海马神经元培养物中CofActor系统的表达和激活的协议。将培养物转染用大号ipofectamine上的第五天体外（DIV5），然后暴露于细胞应激诱导刺激，导致的肌动蛋白的形成丝切蛋白可使用活细胞成像技术可以观察到杆。本文所述的方案可用于研究暴露于神经退行性刺激（例如毒性Aβ42低聚物）的活神经元中与压力相关的细胞骨架失调。此外，从AD的转基因小鼠模型和/或与KO相关的小鼠KO小鼠分离的神经元中传感器的表达可以促进我们对与神经变性相关的早期细胞骨架功能障碍的分子基础的理解。
[背景]神经变性疾病的生化标志（神经原纤维，团块和缠结，提高活性氧物质（ROS） ...
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| Modeling NOTCH1 driven T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Mice
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Author:
Date:
2020-05-20
[Abstract] T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that arises from transformation of T-cell primed hematopoietic progenitors. Although T-ALL is a heterogenous and molecularly complex disease, more than 65% of T-ALL patients carry activating mutations in the NOTCH1 gene. The majority of T-ALL–associated NOTCH1 mutations either disrupt the negative regulatory region, allowing signal activation in the absence of ligand binding, or result in truncation of the C-terminal PEST domain involved in the termination of NOTCH1 signaling by proteasomal degradation. To date, retroviral transduction models have relied heavily on the overexpression of aggressively truncated variants of NOTCH1 (such as ICN1 or ΔE-NOTCH1), which result in ...
[摘要] [摘要 ] T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病（T-ALL）是一种侵袭性血液恶性肿瘤，其起源于T细胞引发的造血祖细胞的转化。尽管T-ALL是一种异质且分子复杂的疾病，但超过65％的T-ALL患者在NOTCH1 基因中带有激活突变。大多数与T-ALL相关的NOTCH1 突变要么破坏负调控区，允许在没有配体结合的情况下激活信号，要么导致蛋白酶体降解终止NOTCH1信号终止所涉及的C末端PEST域被截短。迄今为止，逆转录病毒转导模型在很大程度上依赖于侵袭性截短的变种的过度表达。 NOTCH1 （例如ICN1或ΔE-NOTCH1）可导致信号传导的超生理水平，并且在人类T-ALL中很少见。当前方案描述了小鼠骨髓分离，造血干细胞和祖细胞（HSC）富集，然后逆转录病毒转导的致癌突变体形式的NOTCH1受体（NOTCH1-L1601P-ΔP）的方法，该方法与获功能突变最常见于患者样品中。组成型活性NOTCH1的这种强制表达的标志是胸腺外未成熟T细胞发育的瞬时波，此波在致癌性转化为T-ALL之前。此外，该方法通过允许白血病细胞与微环境之间的串扰来模拟体内白血病的转化和进展，这是基于细胞系的体外研究无法解释的一个方面。因此，HSC转导和移植模型更真实地概括了人类疾病的发展，为进一步的体内和离体功能研究提供了高度全面和通用的工具。
[背景 ] ...
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