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Glycine

Company: Sigma
Catalog#: G8790
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Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of the Elite–Indica Rice Variety Komboka
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Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract]  Genetic transformation is crucial for both investigating gene functions and for engineering of crops to introduce new traits. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important model in plant research, since it is the staple food for more than half of the world’s population. As a result, numerous transformation methods have been developed for both indica and japonica rice. Since breeders continuously develop new rice varieties, transformation protocols have to be adapted for each new variety. Here we provide an optimized transformation protocol with detailed tips and tricks for a new African variety Komboka using immature embryos. In Komboka, we obtained an apparent transformation rate of up to 48% for GUS/GFP reporter gene constructs using this optimized protocol. This ... [摘要]  
[摘要 ] 遗传转化对于研究基因功能和农作物工程引入新性状均至关重要。水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是植物研究中的重要模型,因为它是世界一半以上人口的主食。其结果是,大量的转化方法已经开发了两个籼稻和粳稻米。由于育种者不断开发新的水稻品种,因此必须针对每个新品种适应转化方案。在这里,我们为使用未成熟胚的非洲新品种Komboka 提供了一种优化的转化协议,包括详细的技巧和窍门。在Komboka中,我们使用此优化方案对GUS / GFP报告基因构建体的表观转化率高达48%。该协议也适用于其他优质lite 稻品种。


[背景 ] 为植物的遗传转化的各种方法公顷一直在开发,例如穿孔(Shimamoto PEG介导的原生质体转染。等人,1989;达塔。等人,1992),生物射弹转化(Christou的等人,1991)和农杆菌-介导的转化(Slamet-Loedin 等,2014)。农杆菌介导的转化是将DNA引入植物的最广泛使用的方法之一(van Wordragen and Dons,1992)。该方法已被广泛用于研究,并已成为生物技术的关键先决条件。自从开发新的育种技术(如基因组编辑)以来,它就变得越来越重要(Char ...

Assessing in vitro and in vivo Trogocytosis By Murine CD4+ T cells
Author:
Date:
2020-05-05
[Abstract]  Recognition of antigens by lymphocytes (B, T, and NK) on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) leads to lymphocyte activation and the formation of an immunological synapse between the lymphocyte and the APC. At the immunological synapse APC membrane and associated membrane proteins can be transferred to the lymphocyte in a process called trogocytosis. The detection of trogocytosed molecules provides insights to the activation state, antigen specificity, and effector functions and differentiation of the lymphocytes. Here we outline our protocol for identifying trogocytosis-positive CD4+ T cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, antigen presenting cells are surface biotinylated and pre-loaded with magnetic polystyrene beads before incubating for ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] 抗原呈递细胞(APC)表面的淋巴细胞(B,T和NK)识别抗原会导致淋巴细胞活化并在淋巴细胞和APC之间形成免疫突触。在免疫突触处APC膜和相关的膜蛋白可以转移调用Trogocytosis到淋巴细胞的过程。检测Trogocytosed分子提供见解的激活状态,抗原特异性和效应器功能和差异的淋巴细胞。这里我们列出了我们的协议,用于识别Trogocytosis CD4阳性Tasu 性T细胞在体外和体内。体外,抗原呈递细胞是表面 生物素化并预装磁性聚苯乙烯珠,然后与体外活化的CD4 + T细胞胚细胞(90分钟)或幼稚T细胞(3-24小时)短时间孵育。阳性(trog + )细胞可通过链霉亲和素染色来筛选经生物素化的经转钙蛋白的APC膜蛋白,然后立即或在随后的孵育后通过流式细胞仪分析其激活表型,效应子功能和效应子的分化,例如,可以鉴定出嗜光细胞的阳性细胞。以前的研究已经描述了分析T细胞嗜光性的方法,以鉴定抗原特异性细胞或被细胞识别的抗原表位。使用当前方案,嗜光性对单个T细胞的影响或能力trog + T细胞调节其他免疫细胞的激活和功能的能力可在一个扩展范围内进行评估 ed时间段。

[背景 ] Trogocytosis是质膜和膜相关分子的细胞间转移。这种现象已在免疫细胞相互作用的分析中得到了广泛研究,并已观察到包括向CD4 +的转移(Wetzel 等,2005; ...

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