| Expression and Purification of Yeast-derived GPCR, Gα and Gβγ Subunits for Structural and Dynamic Studies
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Author:
Date:
2021-02-20
[Abstract] In the last several years, as evidence of a surged number of GPCR-G complex structures, the expressions of GPCRs and G proteins for structural biology have achieved tremendous successes, mostly in insect and mammalian cell systems, resulting in more than 370 structures of over 70 GPCRs have been resolved. However, the challenge remains, particularly in the conformational transition and dynamics study area where a much higher quantity of the receptors and G proteins is required even in comparison to X-ray and cryo-EM (5 mg/ml, 3 μl/sample) when NMR spectroscopy (5 mg/ml, 250 μl /sample) is applied. As a result, the expression levels of the insect and mammalian systems are also difficult to meet this demand, not to mention the prohibitive cost of producing GPCRs and G proteins using ...
[摘要] [摘要]在过去的几年中,作为GPCR-G复杂结构数量激增的证据,用于结构生物学的GPCR和G蛋白的表达已取得了巨大的成功,主要是在昆虫和哺乳动物细胞系统中,导致了370多个已解决了70多个GPCR的结构。但是,挑战仍然存在,特别是在构象转变和动力学研究领域,即使与X射线和冷冻EM相比(5 mg / ml,3μl /样品),也需要大量的受体和G蛋白。当应用NMR光谱法(5 mg / ml,250μl /样品)时。结果,i的表达水平 nsect和哺乳动物系统也很难满足这一需求,更不用说使用绝大多数系统使用这些系统生产GPCR和G蛋白的成本高昂了。因此,需要探索一种具有广泛适用性的有效,负担得起的实用方法。毕赤酵母表达系统已在GPCR制备中显示出其希望,并具有其他真核表达系统无法比拟的许多优点。在该系统中表达的GPCR价格便宜,易于操作,并且能够进行同位素标记。在此,我们提出最近开发并在我们的实验室升级的相关协议,包括表达和纯化的毕赤酵母衍生GPCR以G沿α和G βγ蛋白。我们预期这些协议将促进GPCR及其复合物的构象转变和动力学研究。
[背景] G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)是最大的膜蛋白家族,在许多(病理)生理活动中起着关键作用。GPCR的或它们的效应物的功能障碍会导致各种病症,包括神经变性疾病,癌症,和慢性炎症(Overington等人,2006) ...
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| Dual Fluorescence Cytometry Assay to Assess Cellular Protein Levels
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Author:
Date:
2020-04-20
[Abstract] Expression levels of cellular proteins can be affected by various perturbations, such as genetic knockout of interactors, drug treatments or cell stress. To specifically measure the effects on protein levels post-synthesis under different experimental conditions, it is important to compensate for transcriptional and other upstream changes. Here, we provide a protocol for a dual-fluorescence flowcytometry-based assay to determine protein levels. The protein of interest is genetically linked to enhanced GFP (eGFP) followed by a viral 2A self-cleaving peptide sequence and mCherry. As a result, translation of the reporter construct leads to two fluorescent protein products from the same mRNA template, which enables unambiguous protein expression analysis with normalization across samples.
[摘要] [摘要 ] 表达水平的细胞蛋白质可受各种扰动,如基因敲除交互件,药物治疗小号或细胞压力。具体测量对蛋白质水平合成后在不同的实验条件,重要的是要补偿对于转录等上游的变化在这里,我们提供了一个协议为双- 荧光流。流式细胞仪为基础的检测,以确定蛋白质水平目的蛋白是遗传关联增强GFP(EGFP 其次是病毒2A自身切割肽)序列和mCherry结果,报告子构建体的翻译会导致来自同一mRNA模板的两个荧光蛋白产物,这使得能够进行明确的蛋白表达分析,并对整个样品进行归一化处理。
背景 ] 合成和维护的Cellu 拉尔在p- Roteins取决于多进程,从转录调节,处理和降解mRNA中翻译,折叠,本地化,翻译后修饰和蛋白质降解(沃格尔而且马科特,2012) 。具体研究的。在蛋白水平合成后的细胞扰动的影响,这一点很重要,以弥补变异上游步骤蛋白表达在这里,我们提供了一个协议的双- 荧光流术为基础的检测,以确定蛋白质水平处于稳定状态如前所述(Itakura 等人,2016; Chitwood 等人,2018; Ngo 等人,2019)。目的蛋白在基因上与增强的GFP(eGFP )融合,随后是病毒2A自切割肽序列和一个第二种荧光蛋白,mCherry (图1),由于在2A s时核糖体跳过了肽键,融合构建体的翻译产生了两种蛋白质产物,其比例为1:1。ite:与eGFP 和mCherry ...
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