| Flow-cytometric Detection of Low-level Reactive Oxygen Species in Cell Lines and Primary Immune Cells
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Author:
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract] Depending on its concentration and cellular origin the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the organism serves a variety of functions. While high concentrations during an oxidative burst are used to fight pathogens, low to moderate amounts of ROS act as signaling molecules important for several physiological processes such as regulation of immune responses. The ROS-sensitive dye 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) is an inexpensive and well-established tool for measuring intracellular ROS levels. However, it needs to be carefully controlled to be able to draw firm conclusions on the nature of ROS species produced and the cellular source of ROS generation such as the enzyme complex NADPH-oxidase 2 (NOX-2). In this protocol, a robust method to ...
[摘要] [摘要 ] 取决于其浓度和细胞来源，生物体中活性氧（ROS）的产生具有多种功能。虽然在氧化性爆发期间使用高浓度来对抗病原体，但低至中等量的ROS充当信号分子，对几种生理过程（例如免疫应答的调节）很重要。ROS敏感染料2'，7'-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯（H 2 DCFDA）是一种用于测量细胞内ROS水平的廉价且行之有效的工具。但是，需要仔细控制它，以便能够对产生的ROS种类的性质和ROS产生的细胞来源（如酶复合物NADPH-氧化酶2（NOX-2））得出可靠的结论。在该协议中，使用H 2 DCFDA 确定低细胞内ROS产生的可靠方法已通过几种ROS特异性抑制剂和NOX-2特异性抑制剂的验证。在用感兴趣的ROS-诱导剂处理之前，用抑制剂或对照物质处理细胞。仅在治疗计划的最后30分钟内添加H 2 DCFDA。为了终止其转化，我们使用了ROS特异性抑制剂，直到通过FITC通道（例如：488 nm / Em ：519 nm）通过流式细胞仪进行分析。总之，该协议允许检测细胞系和原代免疫细胞（例如，分别为Mono Mac 6细胞和骨髓来源的树突状细胞）中与信号相关的细胞内ROS的产生。结合使用这种方法和特定的抑制剂，我们甚至能够验证NOX-2产生的与免疫调节信号相关的极少量的ROS。
[背景 ] ...
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| Ex vivo Culture of Adult Mouse Antral Glands
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Author:
Date:
2017-01-05
[Abstract] The tri-dimensional culture, initially described by Sato et al. (2009) in order to isolate and characterize epithelial stem cells of the adult small intestine, has been subsequently adapted to many different organs. One of the first examples was the isolation and culture of antral stem cells by Barker et al. (2010), who efficiently generated organoids that recapitulate the mature pyloric epithelium in vitro. This ex vivo approach is suitable and promising to study gastric function in homeostasis as well as in disease. We have adapted Barker’s protocol to compare homeostatic and regenerating tissues and here, we meticulously describe, step by step, the isolation and culture of antral glands as well as the isolation of single cells from antral glands that ...
[摘要] 为了分离和表征成年小肠的上皮干细胞，最初由Sato等人（2009）描述的三维培养物已经随后适应于许多不同的器官。其中一个例子是Barker等人（2010）分离和培养窦性干细胞，他们有效地产生了在体外重现成熟幽门上皮的组织细胞。这种“离体”方法是适合的，并且有希望研究体内平衡和疾病中的胃功能。我们已经调整了Barker的方案来比较稳态和再生组织，这里，我们一步一步地仔细地描述了窦腺的分离和培养，以及从细胞分选后可能用于培养的窦腺中分离单细胞一个例子（Fernandez Vallone等人，2016）。
背景来自腺体的小鼠成体干细胞可以在3D matrigel中离体生长，作为“迷你腺体”无限期（Barker等人，2010） 。与EGF，Noggin和R-spondin 1存在下生长的小鼠成年小肠的干细胞相比，胃干细胞需要进一步补充Fgf10，胃泌素，Wnt3a和更高浓度的R-螺旋菌素1（称为作为ENRFGW）获得生产性文化。直到最近，在干细胞消融后，在离体培养系统中成体再生窦腺是否生长，如果是这样，仍然是未知的。使用本方案，证明了内源性和再生的腺体在接种时不会类似地生长并且表现出不同的生长培养要求。
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| Ex vivo Culture of Fetal Mouse Gastric Epithelial Progenitors
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Author:
Date:
2017-01-05
[Abstract] Isolation and tridimensional culture of murine fetal progenitors from the digestive tract represents a new approach to study the nature and the biological characteristics of these epithelial cells that are present before the onset of the cytodifferentiation process during development. In 2013, Mustata et al. described the isolation of intestinal fetal progenitors growing as spheroids in the ex vivo culture system initially implemented by Sato et al. (2009) to grow adult intestinal stem cells. Noteworthy, fetal-derived spheroids have high self-renewal capacity making easy their indefinite maintenance in culture. Here, we report an adapted protocol for isolation and ex vivo culture and maintenance of fetal epithelial progenitors from distal pre-glandular ...
[摘要] 来自消化道的鼠胎儿祖细胞的分离和三维培养代表了研究在发育过程中细胞分化过程开始前存在的这些上皮细胞的性质和生物学特征的新方法。在2013年，Mustata等人描述了在最初由佐藤等人实施的离体培养系统中分离作为球体生长的肠胎细胞祖细胞。 >（2009）增长成年肠干细胞。值得注意的是，胎儿衍生的球体具有较高的自我更新能力，使其在文化中的无限期维护变得容易。在这里，我们报告了用于分离和远离前胃腺胃生长为胃球体的胎儿上皮祖细胞的分离和离体培养和维持的修改方案（Fernandez Vallone等人， 2016）。
背景 来自腺体的小鼠成体干细胞可以在3D matrigel中离体生长，作为“迷你腺体”无限期（Barker等人，2010） 。与在EGF，Noggin和R-spondin 1存在下生长的小肠的干细胞相比，成年胃干细胞需要进一步补充Fgf10，胃泌素，Wnt3a和更高浓度的R-spondin 1以获得生产性 - 文化。相比之下，到目前为止，很少知道在发育期间排列前腺上皮细胞的胎儿细胞。到目前为止，它们的性质以及其离体的潜在生长特性未明确。基于以前的研究，确定胎儿小肠（Mustata等人，2013年）中存在的细胞，我们报告了作为球体的小鼠胎儿胃祖细胞的培养（Fernandez Vallone et al。 。，2016）。可以在2009年由佐藤等人先前报道的培养基中重复胃祖细胞以生长小肠成体干细胞，与成人型胃干细胞相反，它们不需要额外的生长因子补充（Fgf10，Wnt3a或胃泌素）。 ...
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