{{'Search' | translate}}
 

Hydrochloric acid

Company: Honeywell International
Catalog#: 30721
Bio-protocol()
Company-protocol()
Other protocol()

A Highly Sensitive Anion Exchange Chromatography Method for Measuring cGAS Activity in vitro
Author:
Date:
2018-10-20
[Abstract]  Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that senses double stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytosol and this leads to the activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) via the secondary messenger 2’3’-cyclic GMP-AMP (2’3’-cGAMP). STING then recruits TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK-1) and this complex can phosphorylate and activate interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) leading to the induction of type I interferons and other antiviral genes. The cGAS:DNA complex catalyzes the synthesis of 2’3’-cGAMP and the purpose of the protocol presented here is to measure the in vitro activity of purified cGAS in the presence of dsDNA. The protocol was developed to elucidate the relationship between dsDNA length and the level of cGAS activity. The method involves an in ... [摘要]  环状GMP-AMP合酶(cGAS)是一种模式识别受体(PRR),可以感知胞质溶胶中的双链DNA(dsDNA),并通过第二信使2'3'来激活干扰素基因刺激物(STING)。环GMP-AMP(2'3'-cGAMP)。然后STING募集TANK结合激酶1(TBK-1),该复合物可磷酸化并激活干扰素调节因子3(IRF3),导致I型干扰素和其他抗病毒基因的诱导。 cGAS:DNA复合物催化2'3'-cGAMP的合成,这里提出的方案的目的是测量在dsDNA存在下纯化的cGAS的体外>活性。开发该方案是为了阐明dsDNA长度与cGAS活性水平之间的关系。该方法涉及与低浓度cGAS和dsDNA的体外>反应,然后使用阴离子交换色谱法定量反应产物。当比较不同DNA片段激活cGAS的能力时,低浓度的cGAS和dsDNA以及该测定的高灵敏度是关键优势。

【背景】细胞胞质内存在双链DNA是DNA或逆转录病毒感染的潜在迹象。核苷酸转移酶cGAS作为感知细胞溶质dsDNA的模式识别受体起作用。 cGAS被dsDNA变构激活并催化ATP和GTP转化为环状二核苷酸2'3'-cGAMP(或简称cGAMP)(Ablasser et al。>,2013; Civril et al 。>,2013; Diner et al。>,2013; Gao et al。>,2013; ...

Soluble and Solid Iron Reduction Assays with Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Author:
Date:
2018-09-05
[Abstract]  There is a pressing need to develop sustainable and efficient methods to protect and stabilize iron objects. To develop a conservation-restoration method for corroded iron objects, this bio-protocol presents the steps to investigate reductive dissolution of ferric iron and biogenic production of stabilizing ferrous iron minerals in the strict anaerobe Desulfitobacterium hafniense (strains TCE1 and LBE). We investigated iron reduction using three different Fe(III) sources: Fe(III)-citrate (a soluble phase), akaganeite (solid iron phase), and corroded coupons. This protocol describes a method that combines spectrophotometric quantification of the complex Fe(II)-Ferrozine® with mineral characterization by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. These three ... [摘要]  迫切需要开发可持续和有效的方法来保护和稳定铁制物体。为了开发腐蚀铁物体的保护 - 恢复方法,该生物方案提出了研究严格厌氧菌[Desulfitobacterium hafniense (菌株TCE1)中三价铁的还原溶解和稳定亚铁矿物质的生物产生的步骤。和LBE)。我们使用三种不同的Fe(III)来源研究了铁还原:Fe(III) - 柠檬酸盐(可溶相),akaganeite(固体铁相)和腐蚀的试样。该协议描述了一种方法,该方法结合了复杂的Fe(II)-Ferrozine ®的分光光度定量,通过扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱进行矿物表征。这三种方法可以评估三价铁的还原溶解和生物矿物质生产,作为开发一种创新的可持续方法来稳定腐蚀铁的有希望的替代方法。

【背景】自铁器时代以来,铁已被用于生产日常用具。因此,考古学上的铁试验是过去极其重要的证据,应予以保留。然而,由于其反应性,铁容易被腐蚀并且考古铁物体可能被完全损坏。埋藏时,铁制品会根据埋葬地点的环境条件形成复杂的腐蚀层。挖掘后,条件发生变化,腐蚀层变得不稳定。为避免完全破坏,考古铁制物需要快速稳定处理。目前,可用的稳定化处理不能提供长期保护并且具有实质性缺点,例如毒性,低效率和大量废物的产生(Scott和Eggert,2009; Rimmer 等人, 2012)。因此,有必要开发新技术来稳定考古铁器。

越来越多地考虑利用微生物代谢来开发更有效,可持续和环保的保护 ...

Comments