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Microtips 2-200 μl

Company: Tarsons
Catalog#: 521010
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A Quick Method for Screening Biocontrol Efficacy of Bacterial Isolates against Bacterial Wilt Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum in Tomato
Author:
Date:
2020-11-20
[Abstract]  

Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterial phytopathogen able to cause bacterial wilt disease in more than 200 plant species. Plant disease biocontrol strategies are used for controlling this disease and tomato is used as a model plant to conduct R. solanacearum associated studies. Conventional screening methods such as seed bacterization, soil drenching and root bacterization (in grown plants) to assess the ability of biocontrol bacteria to antagonize R. solanacearum under in planta conditions in different hosts are time-consuming and costly. A fast, cost effective method is a key requirement to advance the research on R. solanacearum biocontrol. In this protocol, we have inoculated the roots of tomato seedlings with bacterial isolates showing antagonistic activity against R. solanacearum

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[摘要]  [摘要]青枯雷尔氏菌是能够导致青枯病在超过2个细菌植物病原体00植物物种。植物病害生物防治策略用于控制这种疾病和番茄被用来作为模式植物进行青枯菌相关的研究。常规的筛选方法,例如种子杀菌,土壤浸湿和根部杀菌(在生长中的植物中),以评估生物控制细菌在不同宿主中在植物条件下拮抗青枯菌的能力,既耗时又昂贵。一个快速,经济有效的方法是推动研究的关键要求 青枯菌生物防治。在此协议中,我们已在细菌的分离株上接种了番茄幼苗的根,这些分离株在体外条件下显示出对茄青枯菌的拮抗活性。用拮抗细菌处理16小时后,通过成熟的根浸法将青枯菌接种到幼苗中。然后将幼苗保持在受控条件和枯萎/死苗的数目,记录最多10个天交ř 。青枯菌接种。从每个测试的分离物的记录计算生物防治效力。此协议是比在感测已经可用的协议的优点在于,它可以在很短的持续时间内完成(〜18天番茄)并且没有保持苗培养介质的需求。该方法可用于在短时间内以最小的成本快速筛选大量细菌分离株和不同宿主基因型。

[背景[ Ralstonia solanacearum ]是一种土壤传播的细菌性植物病原体,在200多个农作物中引起细菌性枯萎病,代表50个不同的科(Seleim等人,2014),其中大部分来自茄科(Thera等人,2010)。它可以在土壤中壮成长长达数年之久,并具有在寄主到达时感染的能力(Coutinho and ...

Spectrophotometric Assessment of Heme Oxygenase-1 Activity in Leishmania-infected Macrophages
Author:
Date:
2020-04-05
[Abstract]  Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress responsive enzyme that metabolizes heme and releases free iron, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin (BV), which rapidly undergoes conversion to bilirubin (BL). Estimation of bilirubin is the basis of HO-1 assay. HO-1 activity is widely employed to determine antioxidant response of cells under different physiological stress environment. Intra-macrophage infection often acts as such a stress inducer and measurement of HO-1 activity in infected cells indicates the ability of pathogens towards modulating oxidative response of host. The present protocol describes analysis of HO-1 activity in infected macrophages by spectrophotometric method, which is much less complex and therefore advantageous over other methods like high-performance liquid chromatography, ... [摘要]  [摘要] 血红素氧合酶-1 (HO-1)是一种应激反应酶,它能代谢血红素并释放出游离的铁,一氧化碳(CO )和胆绿素(BV),并迅速转变为胆红素(BL)。胆红素的估计是HO-1测定的基础。HO-1活性被广泛用于确定在不同生理压力环境下细胞的抗氧化反应。巨噬细胞内感染通常是压力的诱因和测量方法 被感染细胞中HO-1活性的变化表明病原体具有调节宿主氧化反应的能力。本协议描述了通过分光光度法分析感染的巨噬细胞中HO-1活性的方法,该方法不那么复杂,因此比其他方法(例如高效液相色谱法,放射化学方法和通过气相色谱法检测CO)更具优势。主要步骤包括:(1)制备含有HO-1的巨噬细胞微粒级分(2)分离含有biliverdin还原酶的大鼠肝胞质级分,以及(3)通过分光光度法检测胆红素来评估血红素加氧酶-1活性。该方法提供了一种简单而灵敏的方法来测量感染条件下的细胞抗氧化反应。

[背景] 活性氧(ROS)是抵抗巨噬细胞入侵病原体的主要宿主防御武器之一(Missall 等,2004)。另一方面,巨噬细胞内的病原体由于其在巨噬细胞内的成功持久而中和了早期的氧化爆发(Paiva和Bozza,2014年)。为了应对这种氧化压力,生物可以部署宿主细胞的抗氧化酶,例如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT)谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)和血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)来清除ROS ...

Detection of Apoptosis-like Cell Death in Ustilago maydis by Annexin V-FITC Staining
Author:
Date:
2018-08-05
[Abstract]  Programmed cell death (PCD) guides the transition between key developmental stages in many organisms. PCD also remains an important fate for many organisms upon exposure to different stress conditions. Therefore, an insight into the progression of PCD during the execution of a biological phenomenon can yield significant details of the underlying mechanism. Apoptosis, as well as apoptosis-like programmed cell death, constitutes one of the forms of PCD in higher and lower eukaryotes respectively. Flipping of phosphatidylserine (PS) from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet is among the different hallmarks of apoptosis/apoptosis-like PCD that marks the initiation of the said cell death event. This flipping can be detected through staining of the target cells using ... [摘要]  程序性细胞死亡(PCD)指导许多生物体的关键发育阶段之间的过渡。 PCD在暴露于不同的胁迫条件下仍然是许多生物的重要命运。因此,在执行生物现象期间洞察PCD的进展可以产生潜在机制的重要细节。细胞凋亡以及凋亡样程序性细胞死亡分别构成高等和低等真核生物中PCD的一种形式。将磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)从质膜的内部小叶翻转到外部小叶是凋亡/凋亡样PCD的不同标志之一,其标志着所述细胞死亡事件的开始。可以使用与PS特异性结合的膜联蛋白V-FITC通过染色靶细胞来检测这种翻转。在 Ustilago maydis 中,由于细胞壁的存在,膜联蛋白V-FITC对外露PS的染色是困难的。因此,这种染色的关键在于,在不显着改变下面的质膜结构/拓扑结构的情况下,温和地去除细胞壁。该协议强调了PS染色对 Ustilago maydis 中应激细胞原生质体的依赖性。

【背景】PS外化是早期可以检测到的凋亡样PCD的标志之一(Martin et al。,1995)。因此,质膜在细胞外膜上的出现标志着凋亡细胞死亡现象的发生。 Ustilago maydis 是一种生物营养植物病原体并感染寄主植物 Zea mays 。 U的生命周期。已证明maydis ...

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