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L8-200XLS+, 20-200 µL

Company: Mettler-Toledo International
Catalog#: 17013805
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Determination of Storage (Starch/Glycogen) and Total Saccharides Content in Algae and Cyanobacteria by a Phenol-Sulfuric Acid Method
Author:
Date:
2018-08-05
[Abstract]  This is a protocol for quantitative determination of storage and total carbohydrates in algae and cyanobacteria. The protocol is simple, fast and sensitive and it requires only few standard chemicals. Great advantage of this protocol is that both storage and total saccharides can be determined in the cellular pellets that were already used for chlorophyll and carotenoids quantification. Since it is recommended to perform the pigments measurement in triplicates, each pigment analysis can generate samples for both total saccharide and glycogen/starch content quantification.

The protocol was applied for quantification of both storage and total carbohydrates in cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 and Cyanobacterium sp. ...
[摘要]  这是用于定量测定藻类和蓝细菌中的储存和总碳水化合物的方案。该协议简单,快速,灵敏,只需要很少的标准化学品。该方案的最大优点是可以在已经用于叶绿素和类胡萝卜素定量的细胞沉淀中测定储存和总糖。由于建议一式三份进行颜料测量,因此每种颜料分析都可以生成总糖和糖原/淀粉含量定量的样品。

该方案用于量化蓝细菌 Synechocystis sp中的储存和总碳水化合物。 PCC 6803, Cyanothece sp。 ATCC 51142和 Cyanobacterium sp。 IPPAS B-1200。它还被用于估算 Galdieria (IPPAS P-500,IPPAS P-507,IPPAS P-508,IPPAS P-513), Cyanidium caldarium IPPAS中的储存多糖P-510,绿藻小球藻 sp。 IPPAS C-1和C-1210, Parachlorella kessleri IPPAS C-9, Nannochloris sp。 C-1509, Coelastrella sp。 IPPAS H-626, Haematococcus sp。 IPPAS H-629和H-239,以及 Eustigmatos sp。 IPPAS H-242和IPPAS C-70。

【背景】碳水化合物在藻类和蓝细菌的代谢中起着许多作用。正如Raven和Beardall(Raven和Beardall,2003)所总结的那样,碳水化合物代表碳还原/氧化途径(光合作用和光呼吸)中间体的主要汇集,它们提供生长所需的骨架(例如,for氨基酸或细胞壁生物合成),它们代表ATP和还原当量的来源(通过呼吸途径),它们作为相容的溶质,它们对维持细胞膨胀是必不可少的(通过确保细胞壁的刚性结构)并且它们可以清除自由基。储存多糖(其中藻类和蓝藻中的主要形式是淀粉和糖原)作为能量和碳源,缓冲碳水化合物生产和消费率之间的不成比例,并允许活跃的新陈代谢(例如,固氮)在黑暗时期。 ...

Measurement of Oxygen Consumption Rate (OCR) and Extracellular Acidification Rate (ECAR) in Culture Cells for Assessment of the Energy Metabolism
Author:
Date:
2018-05-20
[Abstract]  Mammalian cells generate ATP by mitochondrial (oxidative phosphorylation) and non-mitochondrial (glycolysis) metabolism. Cancer cells are known to reprogram their metabolism using different strategies to meet energetic and anabolic needs (Koppenol et al., 2011; Zheng, 2012). Additionally, each cancer tissue has its own individual metabolic features. Mitochondria not only play a key role in energy metabolism but also in cell cycle regulation of cells. Therefore, mitochondria have emerged as a potential target for anticancer therapy since they are structurally and functionally different from their non-cancerous counterparts (D'Souza et al., 2011). We detail a protocol for measurement of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) measurements ... [摘要]  哺乳动物细胞通过线粒体(氧化磷酸化)和非线粒体(糖酵解)代谢产生ATP。已知癌细胞使用不同的策略重新编程它们的代谢以满足能量和合成代谢需要(Koppenol等人,2011; Zheng,2012)。此外,每个癌症组织都有其自己的个体代谢特征。线粒体不仅在能量代谢中起关键作用,而且在细胞的细胞周期调控中也起关键作用。因此,线粒体作为抗癌治疗的潜在靶标已经出现,因为它们在结构和功能上与其非癌对应物不同(D'Souza等人,2011)。我们详细介绍了利用海马XF24细胞外通量分析仪(图1)测量活细胞中氧耗率(OCR)和细胞外酸化率(ECAR)测量的方案。 Seahorse XF24细胞外通量分析仪持续测量细胞上清液中的氧浓度和质子流量(Wu等人,2007)。这些测量结果在OCR和ECAR值中转换,并能够直接定量线粒体呼吸和糖酵解。有了这个协议,我们试图评估三种不同癌细胞系的基线粒体功能和线粒体应激反应细胞毒性测试先导化合物甲磺卡西林,以研究其作用机制。将细胞铺在XF24细胞培养板中并保持24小时。在分析之前,将培养基替换为无缓冲的DMEM pH7.4,然后使细胞在非代谢通量分析前使用Seahorse XF在非CO 2孵育器中平衡以允许精确测量Milli-pH单位改变。 ...

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