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Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate

Company: Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: M63
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Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa c-di-GMP High and Low Subpopulations Using Flow-assisted Cell Sorting (FACS) and Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR)
Author:
Date:
2021-01-20
[Abstract]  

Cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a second messenger signaling molecule that drives the transition from planktonic to the biofilm mode of growth in many bacterial species. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has at least two surface sensing systems that produce c-di-GMP in response to surface attachment, the Wsp and Pil-Chp systems. We recently used a plasmid-based c-di-GMP reporter (pPcdrA::gfp) to describe how the Wsp system generates heterogeneity in surface sensing, resulting in two physiologically distinct subpopulations of cells during early biofilm formation. One subpopulation has elevated c-di-GMP and produces biofilm matrix, serving as the founders of initial microcolonies. The other subpopulation has low c-di-GMP and engages in surface motility, allowing for exploration of the

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[摘要]  [摘要]环状双鸟苷酸单磷酸酯(c-di-GMP)是第二个信使信号分子,它驱动许多细菌物种从浮游生物向生物膜生长的转变。铜绿假单胞菌具有至少两个响应于表面附着而产生c-di-GMP的表面传感系统,即Wsp和Pil-Chp系统。我们最近使用了基于质粒的c-di-GMP报告基因(pP cdrA :: gfp )描述Wsp系统如何在表面感应中产生异质性,从而在早期生物膜形成过程中导致两个生理上不同的细胞亚群。一个亚群的c-di-GMP升高并产生生物膜基质,从而成为最初的微殖民地的奠基人。另一个亚群的c-di-GMP较低,并且具有表面运动性,可以探索表面。在这里,我们描述了一项关键实验的协议,以确认我们在表面传感过程中对c-di-GMP异质性的初步观察:使用流辅助细胞分选(FACS)来分离具有高和低c- di- G的细胞亚群GMP报告基因活性,然后是已知响应于细胞c-di-GMP水平(pelA和pslA )被转录调控的基因的定量逆转录酶PCR(qRT-PCR )。该方案可以被其他人修改以分离高c-di-GMP铜绿假单胞菌细胞的亚群,这些亚群在基因上是相同的,但在表型上是不同的,以便将来像我们一样检查特定的mRNA转录本,或者大概用于其他应用如RNAseq,蛋白质组学或TNseq。

图形概要:

[背景]第二信使信号分子环状单鸟苷酸单磷酸酯(c-di-GMP)可使细菌响应环境条件而迅速修饰其细胞表面。双鸟苷酸环化酶(DGC)是含有从两个GTP分子合成c-di-GMP的GGDEF氨基酸序列基序的蛋白质,磷酸二酯酶(PDE)是具有EAL或HD-GYP基序的蛋白,可将c-di-GMP水解为线性pGpG或GMP ...

Quantification of Hydrogen Sulfide and Cysteine Excreted by Bacterial Cells
Author:
Date:
2018-05-20
[Abstract]  Bacteria release cysteine to moderate the size of their intracellular pools. They can also evolve hydrogen sulfide, either through dissimilatory reduction of oxidized forms of sulfur or through the deliberate or inadvertent degradation of intracellular cysteine. These processes can have important consequences upon microbial communities, because excreted cysteine autoxidizes to generate hydrogen peroxide, and hydrogen sulfide is a potentially toxic species that can block aerobic respiration by inhibiting cytochrome oxidases. Lead acetate strips can be used to obtain semiquantitative data of sulfide evolution (Oguri et al., 2012). Here we describe methods that allow more-quantitative and discriminatory measures of cysteine and hydrogen sulfide release from bacterial cells. An ... [摘要]  细菌释放半胱氨酸以调节细胞内池的大小。它们也可以通过硫的氧化形式的异化还原或通过细胞内半胱氨酸的故意或无意降解来释放硫化氢。这些过程会对微生物群落产生重要影响,因为排泄的半胱氨酸会自动氧化生成过氧化氢,而硫化氢是一种潜在的毒性物种,可通过抑制细胞色素氧化酶来阻断有氧呼吸。醋酸铅条可用于获得硫化物演化的半定量数据(Oguri et al。,2012)。在这里,我们描述的方法,允许更多的定量和歧视措施半胱氨酸和硫化氢释放细菌细胞。提供了一个说明性实例,其中当暴露于外源性胱氨酸时,大肠杆菌迅速产生半胱氨酸和硫化物(Chonoles Imlay等人,2015; Korshunov等人, ,2016)。

【背景】微生物通过几种途径产生了减少的硫物质。硫酸盐还原菌利用还原过程作为能量生成的组成部分。其他细菌释放硫化物,作为硫物质(包括半胱氨酸)的蓄意或偶然降解的副产物。我们观察到半胱氨酸本身是在细胞内水平异常高时排泄的,这种情况可能通过不受控制的氨基酸输入或半胱氨酸合成失调发生。这些硫物质具有非同寻常的反应性,因为它们以高亲和力与金属结合,也是与分子氧发生化学反应的少数生物分子之一。结果是减少的硫化合物可以对细胞产生重要影响。因此,跟踪各种情况下含硫化合物的动态变化是非常重要的。

硫醇试剂 - 特别是5,5-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB) ...

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