| Preparation of Yeast tRNA Sample for NMR Spectroscopy
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Author:
Date:
2020-06-20
[Abstract] Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are heavily decorated with post-transcriptional modifications during their biosynthesis. To fulfil their functions within cells, tRNAs undergo a tightly controlled biogenesis process leading to the formation of mature tRNAs. In addition, functions of tRNAs are often modulated by their modifications. Although the biological importance of post-transcriptional RNA modifications is widely appreciated, methods to directly detect their introduction during RNA biosynthesis are rare and do not easily provide information on the temporal nature of events. To obtain information on the tRNA maturation process, we have developed a methodology, using NMR as a tool to monitor tRNA maturation in a non-disruptive and continuous fashion in cellular extracts. By following the ...
[摘要] [摘要 ] 转移RNA(tRNA )在其生物合成过程中大量修饰有转录后修饰。为了在细胞内履行其功能,tRNA 经历了严格控制的生物生成过程,导致了成熟的tRNA 的形成。此外,tRNA的功能通常是虽然转录后修饰RNA的生物学重要性被广泛理解,方法直接检测它们的RNA生物合成过程中引入是罕见的,并且不容易提供上events.To的时间特性信息获取的信息的tRNA 成熟 在此过程中,我们开发了一种方法,使用NMR作为监测细胞提取物中tRNA 成熟的无中断和连续方式。通过模型酵母tRNA 的时间分辨NMR 成熟,我们发现修饰是该方法的实施需要对具有不同修饰状态的tRNA 样品进行NMR光谱学分析,以鉴定各个修饰的NMR特征。此处将介绍用于NMR光谱分析修饰途径的tRNA 样品的生产,并在酵母tRNA Phe 上进行例证,但可以通过更改构建体的序列扩展到其他tRNA 。该方案描述了未修饰的生产通过体外转录获得tRNA 样品,并通过在大肠杆菌中重组表达tRNA 产生修饰的tRNA 样品。大肠杆菌。
[背景 ] 在生活的各个领域,合成和RNA的成熟包括在特定地点的核苷酸的转录后的化学修饰。在不同的RNA家族,tRNA基因不仅显示最高多种化学修饰,而且密度最高每转录修饰(〜中经修饰的核苷酸8-25%的tRNA 各种生物体的)(Boccaletto ...
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| An Image-based Assay for High-throughput Analysis of Cell Proliferation and Cell Death of Adherent Cells
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Author:
Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract] In this protocol, we describe a method to monitor cell proliferation and death by live-cell imaging of propidium iodide (PI)-stained adherent mammalian cells. PI is widely used to assess cell death. However, it is usually used in end-point assays. Recently, we implemented the use of PI for real-time cell death assessment by automated imaging. Cells are seeded in a 96-well format, and after attachment, the treatments are added directly to the wells together with PI. Thereafter, cells are subjected to automated time-lapse imaging and quantification by computer software. Combined analyses of phase-contrast and fluorescence images allow assessment of treatment effects on cell proliferation as well as the extent and kinetics of cell death.
[摘要] 在该协议中,我们描述了通过碘化丙啶(PI)染色的贴壁哺乳动物细胞的活细胞成像来监测细胞增殖和死亡的方法。 PI广泛用于评估细胞死亡。 但是,它通常用于终点检测。 最近,我们通过自动成像实现了PI的实时细胞死亡评估。 将细胞以96孔形式接种,并且在附着后,将处理与PI一起直接加入到孔中。 之后,通过计算机软件对细胞进行自动延时成像和定量。 相衬和荧光图像的组合分析允许评估对细胞增殖的处理效果以及细胞死亡的程度和动力学。
【背景】多种基于细胞的测定可用于确定细胞死亡,但其中大多数测定包括MTT(溴化3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四唑鎓)测定,晶蓝染色,和各种基于流式细胞术的方法,都有作为终点分析的限制。最近,我们使用自动荧光成像系统(Essen Bioscience的IncuCyte ZOOM)(Sehgal等人,2017)将碘化丙啶(PI)用于细胞死亡的活细胞评估。通过对相差图像进行组合分析,可以同时检测细胞抑制和细胞毒性效应。这种方法证明是可靠和可重复的,以及非常简单和便宜。在我们最近的出版物中,我们将它用于三种不同的癌细胞系(LNCaP,PC3和MCF7),以有效地确定和比较ER Ca 2 +泵抑制剂毒胡萝卜素各种药物类似物(Tg )(Sehgal et ...
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