| Analysis of Autophagic Activity Using ATG8 Lipidation Assay in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Author:
Date:
2018-06-20
[Abstract] As a fundamental metabolic pathway to degrade and recycle cellular cargos, autophagy is highly induced upon stress, starvation and senescence conditions in plants. A double-membrane structure named autophagosome will form during this process for cargo sequestration and delivery into the vacuole.
A number of regulators have been characterized in plants, including the autophagy-related (ATG) proteins and other plant-specific proteins. Among them, ATG8 will undergo a lipidation process to become a membrane-bound ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine form and mark the growing autophagosomal membrane as well as the completed autophagosome. Therefore, ATG8 has been regarded as a marker for autophagosomes; and biochemical detection of the membrane-associated form of ATG8 is used as one of ...
[摘要] 作为降解和回收细胞货物的基本代谢途径，自噬在植物的胁迫，饥饿和衰老条件下被高度诱导。 在这个过程中，将形成一个称为自噬体的双膜结构，用于货物隔离和输送到液泡中。
已经在植物中表征了许多调控因子，包括自噬相关（ATG）蛋白和其他植物特异性蛋白。 其中，ATG8将经历脂化过程以成为膜结合的ATG8-磷脂酰乙醇胺形式并标记日益增长的自噬体膜以及完成的自噬体。 因此，ATG8被认为是自噬体的标志; 并且膜结合形式的ATG8的生物化学检测被用作测量自噬活性的主要方法之一。 在这里，我们描述了使用拟南芥幼苗检测ATG8-PE形式的ATG8脂化测定法。
【背景】自噬是调节受损细胞器的大量降解和不需要的细胞内容物的基本代谢过程。在自噬过程中，称为自噬体的双膜结构将形成并将货物递送到液泡中以降解。自噬相关蛋白（ATG）需要调节自噬活性（Liu and ...
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| Ciliary Assembly/Disassembly Assay in Non-transformed Cell Lines
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Author:
Date:
2018-03-20
[Abstract] The primary cilium is a non-motile sensory organelle whose assembly and disassembly are closely associated with cell cycle progression. The primary cilium is elongated from the basal body in quiescent cells and is resorbed as the cells re-enter the cell cycle. Dysregulation of ciliary dynamics has been linked with ciliopathies and other human diseases. The in vitro serum-stimulated ciliary assembly/disassembly assay has gained popularity in addressing the functions of the protein-of-interest in ciliary dynamics. Here, we describe a well-tested protocol for transfecting human retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE-1) and performing ciliary assembly/disassembly assays on the transfected cells.
[摘要] 主要纤毛是一种非运动感觉细胞器，其装配和拆卸与细胞周期进程密切相关。 初级纤毛在静止细胞中从基体拉长并随着细胞重新进入细胞周期而被吸收。 睫状动力失调与纤毛病和其他人类疾病有关。 体外血清刺激的睫状体装配/分解测定已经在解决睫状动力学中感兴趣的蛋白质的功能方面受到欢迎。 在这里，我们描述了转染人视网膜色素上皮细胞（RPE-1）和对转染细胞进行睫状体装配/分解测定的充分测试的方案。
【背景】初级纤毛是毛发样感觉细胞器，其在G 0 / G 1期出现，并且在细胞周期的S期之前分解（Tucker等， et al。，1979）。先前的研究已经证实，某些未转化的细胞类型（即，甚至是RPE-1细胞，3T3成纤维细胞和小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞[MEFs]）可以被饿死以诱导静止和睫状体形成。随后的血清再次添加触发双相睫状体吸收，其在刺激后2小时和24小时达到峰值（Tucker等人，1979; Li等人，2011） 。该现象为文献中常用的血清刺激的睫状体组装/分解测定奠定了基础，以鉴定参与睫状体组装和拆卸的蛋白质（Pugacheva等人，2007; ...
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