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Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer

Company: Agilent Technologies
Catalog#: Agilent 1200 Series
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Bacterial Cell Wall Precursor Phosphatase Assays Using Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
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Date:
2018-03-20
[Abstract]  Peptidoglycan encases the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane to protect the cell from lysis due to the turgor. The final steps of peptidoglycan synthesis require a membrane-anchored substrate called lipid II, in which the peptidoglycan subunit is linked to the carrier lipid undecaprenol via a pyrophosphate moiety. Lipid II is the target of glycopeptide antibiotics and several antimicrobial peptides, and is degraded by ‘attacking’ enzymes involved in bacterial competition to induce lysis. Here we describe two protocols using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively, to assay the digestion of lipid II by phosphatases such as Colicin M or the LXG toxin protein TelC from Streptococcus intermedius. The TLC method can also monitor the ... [摘要]  肽聚糖包裹细菌细胞质膜以保护细胞免于因膨胀而导致的溶解。 肽聚糖合成的最后步骤需要称为脂质II的膜锚定底物,其中肽聚糖亚基通过焦磷酸部分连接至载体脂质十一碳烯醇。 脂质II是糖肽抗生素和几种抗微生物肽的靶标,并且通过参与细菌竞争的“攻击”酶来降解以诱导裂解。 在这里,我们分别描述了两种使用薄层色谱法(TLC)和高压液相色谱法(HPLC)的方案来测定磷脂酶如Colicin M或来自中间链球菌的LXG毒素蛋白TelC对脂质II的消化,的。 TLC方法也可以监测十一异戊二烯基(pyro)磷酸盐的消化,而HPLC方法允许分离脂质II的二 - ,单 - 或非磷酸化二糖五肽产物。

【背景】肽聚糖(PG)球囊是一种必需的细菌大分子,它可以保护细胞免受由于其膨胀引起的破裂并保持细胞的形状(Vollmer和Bertsche,2008; Typas等人,2012)。 PG由通过短肽连接的聚糖链组成。来自不同物种的PG在肽的结构和二级修饰的存在方面有所不同(Vollmer等人,2008)。 ...

Quantifying Symmetrically Methylated H4R3 on the Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Genome by ChIP-Seq
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Date:
2018-03-20
[Abstract]  Post-translational modifications to histone tails contribute to the three-dimensional structure of chromatin and play an important role in determining the relative expression of nearby genes. One such modification is symmetric di-methylation of arginine residues, which may exhibit different effects on gene expression including blocking the binding of transcriptional activators, or recruiting repressive effector molecules. Recent ChIP-Seq studies have demonstrated the importance of cross-talk between different histone modifications in gene regulation. Thus, to acquire a comprehensive understanding of the combined efforts of these epigenetic marks, ChIP-Seq must be utilized for identifying specific enrichment on the chromatin. Tumorigenic herpesvirus KSHV, employs epigenetic mechanisms for ... [摘要]  组蛋白尾部的翻译后修饰有助于染色质的三维结构,并在确定附近基因的相对表达中起重要作用。一种这样的修饰是精氨酸残基的对称二甲基化,其可能对基因表达展现出不同的作用,包括阻断转录激活剂的结合或招募抑制效应分子。最近的ChIP-Seq研究已经证明不同组蛋白修饰之间在基因调节中的相互作用的重要性。因此,为了全面了解这些表观遗传标记的共同努力,必须利用ChIP-Seq来鉴定染色质上的特定富集。利用表观遗传机制进行基因调控,并且通过ChIP-Seq以全面,不偏倚的方式评估多种组蛋白修饰的相对丰度,我们可以获得关于病毒复制和发病机理的复杂机制的更好的见解。

【背景】卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)是一种致癌性人类病毒,在其生命周期中有两个不同阶段。在最初感染后,KSHV在宿主中建立持续的终生感染,这对免疫受损的个体来说特别有问题。 KSHV可引起HIV / AIDS患者中的各种肿瘤,包括卡波西肉瘤和多发性B细胞淋巴瘤(Chang等,1994; Cesarman等,1995; Russo ,1996; Soulier ,1995)。 KSHV拥有大约165,000bp的大型基因组,编码近90种不同的开放阅读框,具有逃避宿主免疫监视系统,改变宿主细胞生长途径和产生感染性后代病毒粒子的充足工具。

在潜伏阶段期间,仅有一部分病毒基因被表达,其在本质上是致癌的并且还有助于病毒附加体复制和传递到分裂的肿瘤细胞中(Uppal等人,2014; ...

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