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Zombie NIR Fixable Viability Kit

Company: BioLegend
Catalog#: 423105
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Multiplex T-cell Stimulation Assay Utilizing a T-cell Activation Reporter-based Detection System
Author:
Date:
2021-01-20
[Abstract]  

Immune tolerance and response are both largely driven by the interactions between the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expressed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), T-cell receptors (TCRs) on T-cells, and their cognate antigens. Disordered interactions cause the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes. Therefore, the identification of antigenic epitopes of autoreactive T-cells leads to important advances in therapeutics and biomarkers. Next-generation sequencing methods allow for the rapid identification of thousands of TCR clonotypes from single T-cells, and thus there is a need to determine cognate antigens for identified TCRs. This protocol describes a reporter system of T-cell activation where the fluorescent reporter protein ZsGreen-1 is driven by nuclear

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[摘要]  [摘要] 免疫耐受和应答都很大程度上由抗原呈递细胞(APC)表达的主要组织相容性复合物(MHC),T细胞上的T细胞受体(TCR)及其同源抗原之间的相互作用驱动。相互作用障碍导致自身免疫性疾病(例如1型糖尿病)的发病机理。因此,鉴定自身反应性T细胞的抗原表位导致治疗和生物标志物的重要进展。下一代测序方法可从单个T细胞快速鉴定数千种TCR克隆型,因此需要确定已鉴定TCR的同源抗原。该协议描述了T细胞活化的报告系统,其中荧光报告蛋白ZsGreen-1由活化T细胞的核因子(NFAT)信号驱动并通过流式细胞仪读取。记者T细胞也组成性表达额外的一对荧光素tein作为识别物,允许同时多路复用多达8种不同的报告T细胞系,每种表达不同的目标TCR,可通过流式细胞仪区分。一旦制成TCR表达细胞系,仅需一个转导步骤即可将其无限期用于制备新的T细胞系。这种多路复用系统允许筛选TCR-抗原相互作用的数量,否则这些相互作用将是不切实际的,可在多种情况下使用(即,筛选单个抗原或抗原库),并可用于研究任何T细胞-MHC-抗原三分子相互作用。

[背景] T细胞,抗原呈递细胞(APC)及其同源抗原之间的相互作用是自身免疫性疾病(例如1型糖尿病)的主要事件(Michels等,2017; ...

Mono Sodium Urate Crystal-induced Peritonitis for in vivo Assessment of Inflammasome Activation
Author:
Date:
2018-03-05
[Abstract]  Due to its particulate material, mono-sodium urate (MSU) crystals are potent activators of the NOD-like receptor NLRP3. Upon activation, NLRP3 induces the formation of inflammasome complexes, which lead to the production and release of mature IL-1β. Bioactive IL-1β is a potent activator of innate immune responses and promotes recruitment of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils from the blood into damaged/inflamed tissues. This protocol describes a method to study in vivo inflammasome activation via intraperitoneal injection of MSU crystals. MSU-injection results in a drastic increase of intraperitoneal IL-1β levels, promoting neutrophil infiltration. Early-stage neutrophil numbers correlate with the amount of released IL-1β and can be used as a read-out for the extent of in ... [摘要]  由于其颗粒物质,单钠尿酸盐(MSU)晶体是NOD样受体NLRP3的有效激活剂。在激活后,NLRP3诱导炎性复合体的形成,其导致成熟IL-1β的产生和释放。生物活性IL-1β是先天性免疫应答的有效激活剂,并促进炎性细胞(包括来自血液的嗜中性粒细胞)向受损/发炎组织中的募集。该协议描述了通过腹膜内注射MSU晶体研究体内炎性体活化的方法。 MSU注射导致腹膜内IL-1β水平急剧增加,促进嗜中性粒细胞浸润。早期嗜中性粒细胞数与释放的IL-1β的量相关并且可以用作体内炎性体活化程度的读数。此外,该方案也可用作无菌性腹膜炎模型,以研究嗜中性粒细胞向腹膜募集的机制,或作为获得大量体内活化的嗜中性粒细胞的手段。

【背景】先天性免疫细胞通过一组模式识别受体(PRR)识别病原体,其与病原体表面上的进化保守结构结合或通过连接其它危险相关分子模式。这些受体的一个家族是NOD-样受体(NLR),其对细胞内入侵的病原体和/或细胞内危险信号起反应(Meylan等,2006)。包括一些NLR在内的几种PRR能够诱导形成所谓的炎症复合体,所述炎性复合体介导pro-IL-1β,pro-IL-18和其他IL-1家族细胞因子的蛋白水解活化(Martinon等人,2002)。由于IL-1β和IL-18的强烈促炎特性,炎性体激活是高度调节的两步过程,涉及pro-IL-1β/ ...

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