| Generation of Luciferase-expressing Tumor Cell Lines
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Author:
Date:
2018-04-20
[Abstract] Murine tumor models have been critical to advances in our knowledge of tumor physiology and for the development of effective tumor therapies. Essential to these studies is the ability to both track tumor development and quantify tumor burden in vivo. For this purpose, the introduction of genes that confer tumors with bioluminescent properties has been a critical advance for oncologic studies in rodents. Methods of introducing bioluminescent genes, such as firefly luciferase, by viral transduction has allowed for the production of tumor cell lines that can be followed in vivo longitudinally over long periods of time. Here we describe methods for the production of stable luciferase expressing tumor cell lines by lentiviral transduction.
[摘要] 鼠肿瘤模型对于我们对肿瘤生理学知识和有效肿瘤治疗方法发展的进展至关重要。 这些研究的关键是能够跟踪肿瘤发展并量化体内肿瘤负荷。 为此，引入赋予肿瘤生物发光特性的基因已经成为啮齿动物肿瘤研究的重要进展。 通过病毒转导引入生物发光基因（例如萤火虫萤光素酶）的方法已经允许产生可以在体内纵向长时间地进行的肿瘤细胞系。 在这里我们描述了通过慢病毒转导产生稳定表达荧光素酶的肿瘤细胞系的方法。
【背景】体内跟踪细胞最重要的是能够通过微创方法从外部检测它们。使用来自萤火虫的荧光素酶（Photinus pyralis ）的酶促生物发光是用于体内基于图像的细胞追踪的广泛使用的方法。生物发光已被用于各种体内应用，包括报告基因表达的无创成像（Herschman，2004），研究昼夜节律（Southern and Millar，2005），成像脑卒中（Vandeputte
萤火虫荧光素酶氧化物萤光素在分子氧，镁和三磷酸腺苷存在下在560nm产生黄绿色光（Wilson和Hastings，1998; ...
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| Flow Cytometric Quantification of Fatty Acid Uptake by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Macrophages
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Author:
Date:
2018-02-20
[Abstract] Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved to assimilate fatty acids from its host. However, until recently, there was no reliable way to quantify fatty acid uptake by the bacteria during host cell infection. Here we describe a new method to quantify fatty acid uptake by intracellular bacilli. We infect macrophages with Mtb constitutively expressing mCherry and then metabolically label them with Bodipy-palmitate. Following the labeling procedure, we isolate Mtb-containing phagosomes on a sucrose cushion and disrupt the phagosomes with detergent. After extensive washes, the isolated bacteria are analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the level of Bodipy-palmitate signal associated with the bacteria. Using a Mtb mutant strain defective in fatty acid uptake in liquid culture we ...
[摘要] 结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）已经发展为从其宿主吸收脂肪酸。然而，直到最近，还没有可靠的方法来量化宿主细胞感染期间细菌对脂肪酸的摄取。在这里，我们描述了一种新的方法来量化细胞内杆菌对脂肪酸的摄取。我们用Mtb组成性表达mCherry感染巨噬细胞，然后用Bodipy-palmitate代谢标记它们。标记程序后，我们在蔗糖垫上分离含有Mtb的吞噬体，并用去污剂破坏吞噬体。大量洗涤后，通过流式细胞术分析分离的细菌以确定与细菌相关的Bodipy-棕榈酸酯信号的水平。使用液体培养物中脂肪酸摄取缺陷的Mtb突变株，我们确定该突变体在巨噬细胞感染期间同化比野生型菌株少10倍的Bodipy-棕榈酸酯。脂肪酸摄取的这种定量方法可用于进一步鉴定参与细胞内Mtb和可能的其他细菌的脂质摄取的途径。
【背景】结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）同化宿主来源的脂质（脂肪酸和胆固醇）的能力使得病原体能够在其宿主内存活（Russell等人，2010; Lovewell 等人，2016）。在小鼠感染期间和在人肺组织中，通过巨噬细胞内的Mtb上调胆固醇和脂肪酸代谢相关基因来支持该想法（Schnappinger等人，2003; Rachman等人，2006; Rohde等人，2007;Fontán等人，2008; Tailleux等人，2008; Homolka et al。，2010; Rohde et ...
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