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Mouse anti-rabbit IgG-HRP

Company: Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Catalog#: sc-2357
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Mammalian Cell-derived Vesicles for the Isolation of Organelle Specific Transmembrane Proteins to Conduct Single Molecule Studies
Author:
Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract]  Cell-derived vesicles facilitate the isolation of transmembrane proteins in their physiological membrane maintaining their structural and functional integrity. These vesicles can be generated from different cellular organelles producing, housing, or transporting the proteins. Combined with single-molecule imaging, isolated organelle specific vesicles can be employed to study the trafficking and assembly of the embedded proteins. Here we present a method for organelle specific single molecule imaging via isolation of ER and plasma membrane vesicles from HEK293T cells by employing OptiPrep gradients and nitrogen cavitation. The isolation was validated through Western blotting, and the isolated vesicles were used to perform single molecule studies of oligomeric receptor assembly. [摘要]  细胞衍生的囊泡促进跨膜蛋白在其生理膜中的分离,从而维持其结构和功能完整性。 这些囊泡可以由产生,容纳或运输蛋白质的不同细胞器产生。 结合单分子成像,可以使用分离的细胞器特异性囊泡来研究嵌入蛋白质的运输和组装。 在这里,我们提出了一种通过使用OptiPrep梯度和氮气穴通过从HEK293T细胞中分离ER和质膜囊泡来进行细胞器特异性单分子成像的方法。 通过Western印迹验证分离,并使用分离的囊泡进行寡聚受体组装的单分子研究。

【背景】大量的跨膜蛋白通过多个亚基的组装形成,导致复杂的寡聚结构,其可以通常以多种化学计量存在。了解组装中的变化如何改变在不同细胞器中的贩运和本地化对于确定蛋白质的生理作用以及与成熟和运输相关的疾病的连接至关重要。单分子方法可以通过直接测量其化学计量比来更好地理解寡聚蛋白的组装(Ulbrich和Isacoff,2007; Richards等人,2012)。这种方法避免了整体平均,从而提供了所有化学计量的平均状态(Walter and Bustamante,2014)。单分子研究近来已被用于理解大分子的结构和功能特性,包括构象动力学(Tan等人,2014),离子通道门控(Wang等人 ,2016),配体 - 受体相互作用(Moonschi等人,2015)和化学计量组装(Ulbrich和Isacoff,2007; ...

Detection of Intracellular Reduced (Catalytically Active) SHP-1 and Analyses of Catalytically Inactive SHP-1 after Oxidation by Pervanadate or H2O2
Author:
Date:
2018-01-05
[Abstract]  Oxidative inactivation of cysteine-dependent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs) by cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a critical role in regulating signal transduction in multiple cell types. The phosphatase activity of most PTPs depends upon a ‘signature’ cysteine residue within the catalytic domain that is maintained in the de-protonated state at physiological pH rendering it susceptible to ROS-mediated oxidation. Direct and indirect techniques for detection of PTP oxidation have been developed (Karisch and Neel, 2013). To detect catalytically active PTPs, cell lysates are treated with iodoacetyl-polyethylene glycol-biotin (IAP-biotin), which irreversibly binds to reduced (S-) cysteine thiols. Irreversible oxidation of SHP-1 after treatment of cells with ... [摘要]  细胞活性氧(ROS)对半胱氨酸依赖性蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶(PTP)的氧化失活在调节多种细胞类型的信号转导中起关键作用。大多数PTP的磷酸酶活性取决于催化结构域内的“标记”半胱氨酸残基,其在生理pH下保持质子化状态,使其易受ROS介导的氧化。已经开发了用于检测PTP氧化的直接和间接技术(Karisch和Neel,2013)。为了检测催化活性的PTP,用碘乙酰 - 聚乙二醇 - 生物素(IAP-生物素)处理细胞裂解物,所述碘乙酰 - 聚乙二醇 - 生物素(IAP-生物素)不可逆地结合还原的(S-5)半胱氨酸硫醇。使用对磺酸(SO 3)特异性的抗体检测用过钒酸盐或H 2 O 2 2处理细胞后SHP-1的不可逆氧化, H)形式的PTP的保守的活性位点半胱氨酸。在该协议中,我们描述了用于检测造血PTP SHP的还原(S ; active)或不可逆氧化(SO 3 H;非活性)形式的方法-1,尽管这种方法适用于任何细胞类型中的任何半胱氨酸依赖性PTP。

【背景】活性氧(ROS)由细胞NADPH氧化酶和线粒体产生。大多数蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶(PTP)含有保守的催化半胱氨酸,其具有低的解离常数(pKa),其对ROS的氧化非常敏感(Rudyk和Eaton,2014)。 PTP的ROS失活在许多细胞类型中调节酪氨酸激酶介导的信号传导反应中起重要作用。在用ROS H 2 O ...

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