Deoxycholate Fractionation of Fibronectin (FN) and Biotinylation Assay to Measure Recycled FN Fibrils in Epithelial Cells
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Author:
Date:
2018-08-20
[Abstract] Fibronectin (FN) is an extracellular matrix protein that is secreted by many cell types and binds predominantly to the cell surface receptor Integrin α5β1. Integrin α5β1 binding initiates the step-wise assembly of FN into fibrils, a process called fibrillogenesis. We and several others have demonstrated critical effects of fibrillogenesis on cell migration and metastasis. While immunostaining and microscopy methods help visualize FN incorporation into fibrils, with each fibril being at least 3 μm in length, the first study that developed a method to biochemically fractionate FN to quantify fibril incorporated FN was published by Jean Schwarzbauer’s group in 1996. Our protocol was adapted from the original publication, and has been tested on multiple cell types including as shown here in ...
[摘要] 纤连蛋白(FN)是一种细胞外基质蛋白,由许多细胞类型分泌,主要与细胞表面受体整合素α5β1结合。整合素α5β1结合启动FN逐步组装成原纤维,这一过程称为原纤维形成。我们和其他几个人已经证明了原纤维形成对细胞迁移和转移的关键作用。虽然免疫染色和显微镜方法有助于可视化FN掺入原纤维,每个原纤维的长度至少为3μm,但是第一项研究开发了一种生物化学分离FN以量化原纤维并入FN的方法,由Jean Schwarzbauer小组于1996年出版。我们的方案改编自原始出版物,并已在多种细胞类型上进行测试,包括如此处所示的MCF10A乳腺上皮细胞和Caki-1肾癌上皮细胞。使用两种洗涤剂提取物,将细胞FN分离成不溶于洗涤剂或掺入原纤维的FN和可溶性FN或未掺入的级分。为了确定原纤维形成是否利用FN的再循环池,我们使用了生物素标记的FN(FN-生物素)再循环测定,其已经从先前的研究中修改。使用再循环测定和脱氧胆酸盐分离方法的组合,可以定量地证明在不同实验条件下细胞中原纤维形成的程度,并确定原纤维形成的FN来源
【背景】 纤连蛋白(FN)是普遍产生的细胞外基质(ECM)组分(Uitto et al。,1989; Mao和Schwarzbauer,2005)。纤连蛋白库是转录产生的,可以通过几种生长因子如TGF-β1增加(Yokoi et al。,2002; Mimura ...
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In vitro Analysis of Ubiquitin-like Protein Modification in Archaea
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Author:
Date:
2018-05-20
[Abstract] The ubiquitin-like (Ubl) protein is widely distributed in Archaea and involved in many cellular pathways. A well-established method to reconstitute archaeal Ubl protein conjugation in vitro is important to better understand the process of archaeal Ubl protein modification. This protocol describes the in vitro reconstitution of Ubl protein modification and following analysis of this modification in Haloferax volcanii, a halophilic archaeon serving as the model organism.
[摘要] 泛素样(Ubl)蛋白广泛分布于古细菌中并参与许多细胞途径。 为了更好地理解古细菌Ub1蛋白质修饰的过程,重建体外古细菌Ubl蛋白质缀合物的完善方法是很重要的。 该协议描述了Ubl蛋白质修饰的体外重建以及在作为模型生物的嗜盐古细菌Haloferax volcanii 中对这种修饰进行分析。
【背景】泛素(Ub)与靶蛋白共价连接的过程被称为泛素化,其控制真核细胞中大量的细胞过程(Glickman和Ciechanover,2002; Komander和Rape,2012)。遍在蛋白化由一系列酶(包括Ub激活酶(E1),Ub结合酶(E2s)和Ub连接酶(E3s))催化。泛素化的体外重建是确定酶之间或E3与蛋白质底物之间特异性的有用测定法(Zhao等人,2012)。在古细菌中,Ubl蛋白SAMP采用Ub折叠,并且与E1样酶UbaA催化的蛋白靶标异肽连接[Maupin-Furlow,(2014)综述]。尽管E1同系物在古细菌中广泛存在,但基于一级序列比较,在大多数古细菌中未预测经典E2或E3酶。我们最近对Haloferax volcanii的研究表明甲硫氨酸亚砜还原酶A(MsrA)是Ubl蛋白质修饰(sampylation)与UbaA一起在体内温和的氧化条件下和< (体外)(fu="">
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Murine Hair Follicle Derived Stem Cell Transplantation onto the Cornea Using a Fibrin Carrier
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Author:
Date:
2018-05-20
[Abstract] The goal of this protocol is to establish a procedure for cultivating stem cells on a fibrin carrier to allow for eventual transplantation to the eye. The ability to transfer stem cells to a patient is critical for treatment for a variety of disorders and wound repair. We took hair follicle stem cells from the vibrissae of transgenic mice expressing a dual reporter gene under the control of the Tet-on system and the keratin 12 promoter (Meyer-Blazejewska et al., 2011). A clonal growth assay was performed to enrich for stem cells. Once holoclones formed they were transferred onto a fibrin carrier and cultivated to obtain a confluent epithelial cell layer. Limbal stem cell deficient (LSCD) mice were used as the transplant recipient in order to test for successful grafting and ...
[摘要] 该方案的目标是建立一种在纤维蛋白载体上培养干细胞以允许最终移植到眼睛的程序。 将干细胞转移给患者的能力对于治疗各种疾病和伤口修复至关重要。 我们在Tet-on系统和角蛋白12启动子(Meyer-Blazejewska等人,2011)的控制下从表达双报告基因的转基因小鼠的触须中取出毛囊干细胞。 进行克隆生长测定以富集干细胞。 一旦形成holoclones,将它们转移到纤维蛋白载体上并培养以获得融合上皮细胞层。 将角膜缘干细胞缺陷(LSCD)小鼠用作移植受体以测试移植成功和最终分化为角膜上皮表型。
【背景】干细胞被广泛用作治疗工具,因此递送手段是必不可少的。实际上,许多研究人员和公司正在寻找将细胞输送到人体内以优化细胞存活以及整合到宿主组织中的最佳方式。注射方法已广泛用于动物模型,但往往导致生存和整合差。目前正在使用利用生物材料和手术装置的技术。一种用于输送干细胞的技术是纤维蛋白载体。纤维蛋白凝胶是可降解的生物聚合物,其可粘附于允许细胞附着,迁移和增殖的天然组织(Ehrbar et al。,2005)。纤维蛋白凝胶具有许多优点,包括生物相容性,受控降解(Kjaergard等人,1994; Sidelmann等人,2000),均匀细胞分布和高细胞接种效率(Swartz ,2005)。已经将纤维蛋白凝胶用于治疗皮肤烧伤(Pellegrini等人,1999; ...
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