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PierceTM Protease Inhibitor Mini Tablets, EDTA-free

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: A32955
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Mammalian Cell-derived Vesicles for the Isolation of Organelle Specific Transmembrane Proteins to Conduct Single Molecule Studies
Author:
Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract]  Cell-derived vesicles facilitate the isolation of transmembrane proteins in their physiological membrane maintaining their structural and functional integrity. These vesicles can be generated from different cellular organelles producing, housing, or transporting the proteins. Combined with single-molecule imaging, isolated organelle specific vesicles can be employed to study the trafficking and assembly of the embedded proteins. Here we present a method for organelle specific single molecule imaging via isolation of ER and plasma membrane vesicles from HEK293T cells by employing OptiPrep gradients and nitrogen cavitation. The isolation was validated through Western blotting, and the isolated vesicles were used to perform single molecule studies of oligomeric receptor assembly. [摘要]  细胞衍生的囊泡促进跨膜蛋白在其生理膜中的分离,从而维持其结构和功能完整性。 这些囊泡可以由产生,容纳或运输蛋白质的不同细胞器产生。 结合单分子成像,可以使用分离的细胞器特异性囊泡来研究嵌入蛋白质的运输和组装。 在这里,我们提出了一种通过使用OptiPrep梯度和氮气穴通过从HEK293T细胞中分离ER和质膜囊泡来进行细胞器特异性单分子成像的方法。 通过Western印迹验证分离,并使用分离的囊泡进行寡聚受体组装的单分子研究。

【背景】大量的跨膜蛋白通过多个亚基的组装形成,导致复杂的寡聚结构,其可以通常以多种化学计量存在。了解组装中的变化如何改变在不同细胞器中的贩运和本地化对于确定蛋白质的生理作用以及与成熟和运输相关的疾病的连接至关重要。单分子方法可以通过直接测量其化学计量比来更好地理解寡聚蛋白的组装(Ulbrich和Isacoff,2007; Richards等人,2012)。这种方法避免了整体平均,从而提供了所有化学计量的平均状态(Walter and Bustamante,2014)。单分子研究近来已被用于理解大分子的结构和功能特性,包括构象动力学(Tan等人,2014),离子通道门控(Wang等人 ,2016),配体 - 受体相互作用(Moonschi等人,2015)和化学计量组装(Ulbrich和Isacoff,2007; ...

Lentiviral Knockdown of Transcription Factor STAT1 in Peromyscus leucopus to Assess Its Role in the Restriction of Tick-borne Flaviviruses
Author:
Date:
2017-12-05
[Abstract]  Cellular infection with tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs) results in activation of the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway and subsequent upregulation of numerous genes termed IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) (Schoggins et al., 2011). Many ISGs function to prevent virus pathogenesis by acting in a broad or specific manner through protein-protein interactions (Duggal and Emerman, 2012). The potency of the IFN signaling response determines the outcome of TBFV infection (Best, 2017; Carletti et al., 2017). Interestingly, data from our lab show that TBFV replication is significantly restricted in cells of the reservoir species Peromyscus leucopus thereby suggesting a potent antiviral response (Izuogu et al., 2017). We assessed the relative contribution of IFN ... [摘要]  蜱传黄热病病毒(TBFV)的细胞感染导致干扰素(IFN)信号传导途径的激活和随后称为IFN刺激基因(ISG)(Schoggins等人,2011)的众多基因的上调。许多ISG通过蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用以广泛或特定的方式起作用来防止病毒发病(Duggal和Emerman,2012)。 IFN信号反应的效力决定了TBFV感染的结果(Best,2016; Carletti等人,2017)。有趣的是,我们实验室的数据显示TBFV复制在储库物种Peromyscus leucopus的细胞中显着受到限制,从而表明有效的抗病毒应答(Izuogu等人,2017)。我们评估干扰素信号对抗性的相对贡献。通过敲低IFN反应途径中的主要转录因子来抑制白血病。信号转导和转录激活因子1(STAT1)是专门针对在P。 leucopus细胞通过shRNA技术。我们进一步测试了基因敲低对细胞对IFN反应和限制病毒复制的能力的影响;结果表明当STAT1表达被改变时,leucopus细胞对IFN刺激的反应降低,并且对TBFV复制显着更敏感。

【背景】IFN信号是抵抗侵入宿主细胞的黄病毒的第一道防线(Robertson等人,2009; Lazear和Diamond,2015)。通过模式识别受体(PRR)检测与病毒颗粒相关的分子标记,然后通过转录因子引发下游信号从细胞释放1型IFN(Kawai ...

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