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Single Quadrupole Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer

Company: Shimadzu
Catalog#: GCMS-QP2010
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GC-MS-Based Analysis of Methanol: Chloroform-extracted Fatty Acids from Plant Tissues
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Date:
2018-09-20
[Abstract]  Fatty acids (FAs) are carboxylic acids with long aliphatic chains that may be straight, branched and saturated or unsaturated. Most of the naturally occurring plant FAs contains an even number of carbon (C4-C24). FAs are used in food and pharmacological industries due to their nutritional importance. In addition, FAs are considered as a promising alternative for the production of biodiesel from terrestrial plant biomass. To establish commercial applications, more reliable analytical methods are needed for the identification, quantification, and composition determination of FAs. Here, we describe a relatively rapid and sensitive method for the extraction, identification, and quantification of FAs from a small quantity of plant tissue. The method includes steps of lipid extraction, ... [摘要]  脂肪酸(FAs)是具有长脂肪链的羧酸,其可以是直链,支链和饱和或不饱和的。大多数天然存在的植物FA含有偶数碳(C4-C24)。由于其营养重要性,FA用于食品和药理学工业。此外,FAs被认为是从陆地植物生物质生产生物柴油的有前途的替代品。为了建立商业应用,需要更可靠的分析方法来确定FA的鉴定,定量和组成。在这里,我们描述了一种相对快速和灵敏的方法,用于从少量植物组织中提取,鉴定和量化FA。该方法包括脂质提取,通过转甲基化将脂质转化为脂肪酸甲酯(FAME),使用气相色谱 - 质谱(GC-MS)鉴定和定量FAME的步骤。在该方案中,在GC-MS分析之前添加内标。每个FA的量由其相对于内标峰面积的峰面积计算。

【背景】脂肪酸的合成对于代谢能的储存是重要的。不断增长的人口和能源成本强调了生产可持续可再生燃料的必要性。第二代生物燃料的来源是非食用油籽作物或木质纤维素生物质,主要包括作物植物的废弃物,如多年生草,包括柳枝稷,果壳,稻草和森林残留物(Hadar,2013)。在这种情况下,植物可以作为研究脂肪酸用于营养保健品和生物柴油方面的优秀系统。此外,在生物柴油生产中,燃料的清洁燃烧性质受到FA的结构特征的影响,包括链长和不饱和度(Knothe,2005)。木质纤维素生物质是直接从经济有效的资源生产这些产品的更环保的替代品。使用GC-MS进行FA分析可以对单一植物提取物中相对多种脂肪酸进行标准化,注释和定量。脂质提取的效率取决于溶剂的极性。极性脂质(如糖脂或磷脂)更易溶于极性溶剂(如醇类),非极性脂质(如三酰基甘油)更易溶于非极性溶剂(如氯仿)。因此,总脂质提取取决于有机溶剂的性质。 ...

GC/MS-based Analysis of Volatile Metabolic Profile Along in vitro Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-12-05
[Abstract]  Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a promising tool in cell-based therapies for degenerative diseases. A safe application of hiPSCs in vivo, requires the detection of the presence of residual undifferentiated pluripotent cells that can potentially cause the insurgence of teratomas. Several studies point out that metabolic products may provide an alternative method to identify the different steps of cells differentiation. In particular, the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is gaining a growing interest in this context, thanks to its inherent noninvasiveness. Here, a protocol for VOCs analysis from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is illustrated. It is based on Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) technique coupled with gas chromatography-mass ... [摘要]  人诱导的多能干细胞(hiPSC)是用于退化性疾病的基于细胞的疗法中的有前景的工具。 hiPSCs在体内的安全应用需要检测残留未分化多能细胞的存在,这可能会导致畸胎瘤的爆发。几项研究指出,代谢产物可能提供了另一种方法来确定细胞分化的不同步骤。特别是挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的分析由于其固有的非侵入性而在这方面越来越受到关注。在这里,说明了从人诱导的多能干细胞(hiPSC)分析VOC的方案。它基于固相微萃取(SPME)技术与气相色谱 - 质谱联用(GC / MS)。该方法用于测量从绒毛膜样品(CVS)到hiPSC的细胞重编程期间和沿着hiPSC体外分化成早期神经祖细胞(NP)的细胞顶空中的挥发性代谢物修饰,穿过胚状体机构(EBs)的形成。

【背景】提出细胞代谢作为在分化的各个步骤期间研究干细胞的替代物。事实上,假设干细胞从多能性向完全分化的转变可能引起代谢产物的剧烈变化是合理的。在诱导的多能干细胞,亲本成纤维细胞和胚胎干细胞之间观察到了这种假设的第一个证据(Meissen等人,2012)。

在代谢产物中,挥发性有机化合物(VOC)吸引了人们对其收集的简单性,内在的非侵入性和广泛的分析方法的广泛关注(Boots et。,2015 ...

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