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Company: Alconox

Catalog#: 242985

Habituation of Sugar-Induced Proboscis Extension Reflex and Yeast-Induced Habituation Override in Drosophila melanogaster

Swati Trisal, K. VijayRaghavan and Mani Ramaswami

Published online: 2023-12-05

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Assessing Classical Olfactory Fear Conditioning by Behavioral Freezing in Mice

Author:

Jordan M. Ross and Max L. Fletcher,

Date:

2018-09-20

[Abstract] Classical fear conditioning typically involves pairing a discrete cue with a foot shock. Quantifying behavioral freezing to the learned cue is a crucial assay for neuroscience studies focused on learning and memory. Many paradigms utilize discrete stimuli such as tones; however, given mice are odor-driven animals and the wide variety of odorants commercially available, using odors as conditioned stimuli presents advantages for studies involving learning. Here, we describe detailed procedures for assembling systems for presenting discrete odor cues during single-day fear conditioning and subsequent analysis of freezing behavior to assess learning. [摘要] 经典的恐惧条件反射通常涉及将离散的线索与脚部震动配对。量化对学习线索的行为冻结是针对学习和记忆的神经科学研究的关键分析。许多范例利用诸如音调之类的离散刺激; 然而，鉴于小鼠是气味驱动的动物和商业上可获得的各种气味剂，使用气味作为条件刺激对于涉及学习的研究具有优势。在这里，我们描述了用于组装系统的详细程序，该系统用于在单日恐惧条件反射期间呈现离散的气味线索并随后分析冷冻行为以评估学习。

【背景】联想恐惧学习是几种焦虑症的根源，涉及将中性刺激与厌恶结果配对。这种配对产生强烈的行为恐惧反应，以冷冻（LeDoux，2003）的形式，对条件刺激，可以量化为恐惧学习和记忆的量度。离散刺激，如音调，通常被用作恐惧条件反射的条件刺激;然而，嗅觉提示在诱导学习冷冻方面也非常有效（Pavesi et al。，2012; Ross and Fletcher，2018）。这种联想恐惧学习方法不同于利用捕食者气味的方法，这种方法产生本能行为而非学习行为，使其成为快速评估嗅觉学习的理想选择。行为冻结，定义为缺乏所有自愿运动（Blanchard和Blanchard，1969; ...

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